IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - 23

in a simplified online diagram of Figure 7. in Figure 6(a), the
status bar changes color when at least one of the monitored
busses/corridors raises an alarm. Figure 6(b) reflects the reactive margin in real time as system conditions change. Figure 7
highlights the importance of the corridor observability when
a measurement (PmU) is missing, e.g., removed for maintenance or when a line is out of service.
the combined real-time and model-based methods provide effective voltage management tools for status monitoring and trending. by integrating synchrophasor measurement-based analytics with model-based stability analytics,
the next generation of an ems capable of assessing power
system dynamics and grid stability in real time for improved
reliability and better asset utilization are possible.

Oscillation Detection
some of the transmission operation (to) owners have
deployed production-grade oscillation detection tools at the
control centers, such as in Figure 8. the application scans
multiple signals across the grid for an indication of growing
or sustained high-energy oscillations. oscillations are classified based on their frequency into four bands, and the displays are built into manufacturer-supported production tools.
several local oscillation events have been detected since
placed in operation in 2013, mainly due to generator control

failures, operational issues with hydro power generators, and
wind power plant reactive power oscillations.
the use of analytic tools requires training for the operators/dispatchers in terms of both real-time detection and
also clear instructions on ways to address oscillation risks.

Market Operations
the large-scale integration of variable energy resources (wind
and solar) requires expanding the footprint of energy balancing among wider and diverse geographic regions. eim is
being implemented in the wecc. some tos and independent system operators are already participating in eim, and
several other grid operators have announced plans to join.
eim is expected to increase the variability of power transfers
across the california-oregon intertie, a three 500-kv line path
connecting california and the Pacific northwest. real-time
synchronized measurements are expected to help transmission
operators better manage reliability and customer impact issues
associated with increased variability of transfers.

Data and Information Exchange
with today's technology, it is possible to tie all monitoring,
control, and protection devices together through an information network, which can be leveraged to develop solutions. successful solutions require quick detection, fast and

(a)

(b)

figure 5. A wide-area view of voltage violations in simulated power systems.
september/october 2015

ieee power & energy magazine

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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - 1
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - Cover3
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