IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2020 - 79

dam where the generators were
located. . . . Mr. Menier plans to
use electricity for plowing all his
father's farms, the most distant
5 km from the dam.
In essence, Menier constructed electric tractors, with power fed to them by
very long cables that would wind and
unwind on large spools on the tractors
during plowing, at a time when more
practical, untethered, steam-powered
agricultural tractors were already
widely used. Menier's impractical
method had been patented by others
in 1878 (French patent 128,182).

The average distance from the power
plant to the lamps was 140 m.

1881: The Edison
Hydroelectric System
Edison's first hydroelectric plant was
installed in 1881 at the lumber mills

of Alfred Dolge in Brockett's Bridge
(later renamed Dolgeville), New York.
In 1882, the Edison organization installed small hydroelectric plants not
only in Appleton but also in Augusta,
Georgia; Besançon, France; and Tampere, Finland.

1879: The Private
Hydroelectric System
of Johannes Badrutt
In 1856, entrepreneur Johannes Badrutt rented a 12-bed guesthouse in St.
Moritz, Switzerland, and renamed it
Engadiner Kulm. He bought the property two years later and began upgrading and enlarging it into a hotel. The
Engadiner Kulm (now the Kulm Hotel)
is referred to as the cradle of winter
tourism in Switzerland. Badrutt visited
the 1878 World's Fair in Paris, where
he admired an electric lighting installation. In 1879, he constructed a small
hydroelectric power plant, fed by water
from a stream above the hotel, and lit
the hotel's dining room with arc lamps.

figure 3. A cropped albumen print of Sir William Armstrong's mansion Cragside, circa 1890, from the author's collection. Albumen prints were made mainly
in the 1860-1900 period.

figure 4. Sir William Armstrong's hydroelectric plant at Cragside, Northumberland, England, in 1878. [Source: The
Graphic (London) of 2 April 1881.]
september/october 2020

ieee power & energy magazine

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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2020

Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2020 - Contents
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2020 - Cover3
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