IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2015 - 20

machine, a very positive story to come
out of the wind and solar industry over
the past five years. voltage regulation is
being done on all new plants now, and
electronic governors are available, even
though they are not required in most jurisdictions. however, both fast-frequency response (synthetic inertia) and governor response are in operation in North
America, with the fast-frequency response on wind plants in hydro Quebec
and governor control on wind plants in
the electric reliability council of texas
and several other jurisdictions.
Disturbance ride-through for voltage
and frequency is another critical reliability service that must be provided to
maintain system reliability. Wind power
plants are required by Federal energy
regulatory commission order 661-A
to ride through a normally cleared threephase system fault. Nerc Prc-024-1 is
a relay standard that only requires plants
to have their primary protective relays
set so that they do not cause the plant

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to trip within the "no
trip zone" of voltage
and frequency curves.
It is not a performance
standard requiring the
plants to actually ride
through the disturbance. the wind plant
is held to a higher standard and is fully capable of meeting it.
Which brings me
back to the erstF and
this issue of the magazine. I would propose
that there is a simple solution for the concerns for loss of inertial and frequency
response as more coal plants are retired
and more vG plants are installed: tighten
up the interconnection requirements, and
make sure that any new power plant connected to the power system has a voltage
regulator and a governor, is capable of
providing a fast frequency response, and
can ride through voltage and frequency
disturbances. the reliability of the
bulk power system requires no less.
this issue of the magazine has a
strong theme of operating the power
system of the future with a high penetration of vG plants. We will cover
in more detail about vG plants
✔ their design
✔ what services they can provide
✔ how they perform during system disturbances
✔ how markets are evolving to accommodate their characteristics
✔ how solar Pv forecasting is advancing to help manage systems
with high Pv penetrations
✔ clarifications of misconceptions
regarding these plants
✔ updates from china and europe.
We are also pleased to have a stimulating "In My view" column from
rob Gramlich, senior vice president
at the American Wind energy Association, and a review of a new book
on renewable energy edited by lawrence Jones.
the issue begins with an article
led by Jason MacDowell of Ge energy consulting, giving a power sys-

23/03/13 10:38 AM

tems perspective on the
performance of modern
vG plants. this is followed by a companion
article from Nick Miller,
also from Ge energy
consulting, describing the
results of system simulation scenarios of the
Western electricity coordinating council during
disturbances with very
high vG penetrations.
Next is an update on
the situation in china
regarding the rapid growth of wind and
solar energy, led by liping Jiang of the
state Grid energy research Institute. Developments are occurring at a dizzying
rate across the board in china, and this
article provides a very timely summary.
We continue with two articles describing some of the operating strategies
for managing systems with high penetrations of wind and solar energy. First
is an article led by Aidan tuohy of ePrI
dealing with the status and outlook for
solar Pv forecasting. this is followed
by an article led by Mark Ahlstrom of
Windlogics, a Nextera company, dealing with the integration of vG into market operation.
Next is a report on the status and plans
for vG in europe, the home of the modern revolution in wind and solar on power
systems, led by thomas Ackermann of
energynautics. closing the issue is an article led by Michael Milligan of Nrel,
which will provide a summary perspective on vG plant operating capabilities
and associated misconceptions across all
aspects of system operations.
It is my pleasure to work with my coeditors and the fine group of authors and
coauthors who have contributed to the articles for this issue; they have done a great
job of sifting through a very large amount
of information to try to boil it down and
distill the critical items for your information. And it is always a great pleasure to
work with Mel olken, the editor of IEEE
Power & Energy Magazine and a true
friend, without whose inspiration and
support this issue would not be possible.

This issue of the
magazine has
a strong theme
of operating the
power system of
the future with a
high penetration
of VG plants.

p&e
november/december 2015

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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2015