IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2017 - 83

Wide-Area
Planning
of Electric
Infrastructure
©ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/TONEFOTOGRAFIA

Assessing Investment Options
for Low-Carbon Futures

E

ELECTRIC INFRASTRUCTURE WORLDWIDE HAS
evolved significantly over the last decade, as nations increase
the renewable share of their generation portfolio and build
transmission to move energy from the resources to the load
centers. Since 2007, the United States has increased its percentage of electric energy generated from wind and solar
from lower than 1% to 7.5%, Europe from approximately
3% to over 13%, and China from 1% to 5%.
During the same time span, all three regions have seen
significant growth in transmission. Analysis by the Deloitte
accounting firm indicates that transmission expenditures by
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPE.2017.2729178
Date of publication: 18 October 2017

investor-owned utilities in the United States increased from
US$5.8 billion annually in 2006 to US$15.9 billion in 2015. In
Europe, the total number of circuit-kilometers for cross-frontier (international) ac lines of 220 kV and greater has grown
by 20,000 km since 2010. Since 2009, China has brought
6,803 km of ultrahigh-voltage (UHV; 1,000 kV) ac transmission into operation, with another 5,000 km under construction
or planned by 2020; in addition, six UHV (±800 kV) dc transmission projects have been built.

Motivation for Wide-Area Planning
Today, wide-area planning for electric systems is of great interest in the assessment of investment options. There are two reasons for this. First, more network components today include

By James McCalley, Jay Caspary, Christopher Clack,
Wayne Galli, Melinda Marquis, Dale Osborn,
Antje Orths, Justin Sharp, Vera Silva, and Peter Zeng
november/december 2017

1540-7977/17©2017IEEE

ieee power & energy magazine

83



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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2017

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2017 - Cover1
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2017 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2017 - Cover4
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