IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020 - 37
Autonomous
Energy Grids
Controlling
the Future
Grid With
Large
Amounts of
Distributed
Energy
Resources
T
THE DRASTIC PRICE REDUCtion in variable renewable energy,
such as wind and solar, coupled with
the ease of use of smart technologies at the consumer level, is driving
dramatic changes to the power system that will significantly transform
how power is made, delivered, and
used. Distributed energy resources
(DERs)-which can include solar
photovoltaic (PV), fuel cells, microturbines, gensets, distributed energy
storage (e.g., batteries and ice storage), and new loads [e.g.,
electric vehicles (EVs), LED lighting, smart appliances, and
electric heat pumps]-are being added to electric grids and
causing bidirectional power flows and voltage fluctuations
that can impact optimal control and system operation. Residential solar installations are expected to increase approxi-
©SHUTTERSTOCK.COM/ALBERTO MASNOVO
mately 8% annually through 2050. Customer battery systems are anticipated to reach almost 1.9 GW by 2024, and
current forecasts project that approximately 18.7 million
EVs will be on U.S. roads in 2030. With numbers like these,
it is not unreasonable to imagine a residential electricity
customer having at least five controllable DERs. In future
By Benjamin Kroposki, Andrey Bernstein, Jennifer King,
Deepthi Vaidhynathan, Xinyang Zhou,
Chin-Yao Chang, and Emiliano Dall'Anese
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPE.2020.3014540
Date of current version: 16 October 2020
november/december 2020
1540-7977/20©2020IEEE
ieee power & energy magazine
37
http://www.SHUTTERSTOCK.COM/ALBERTO
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020
Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020 - 2
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020 - Cover4
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