IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020 - 88

88	

ieee power & energy magazine	

Fire: 1.5-MW
McMillan Mesa
Pilot Facility

2015

December
Energy Storage
Safety Strategic
Plan Issued by
the DOE OE

July
DOE OE Energy ANSI UL 9540
First-Edition
Storage Safety
Bulletin
Workshop
(Standard for
ESS)

February

2014

DNV GL
GRIDSTOR
Recommended
Practice

January

2016

November
UL 9540A First
Edition (Thermal
Runaway FirePropagation Test
Method)
Drogenbos,
Belgium
Fire at EnergyStorage Park
Resulted in Total
Loss of 1-MW
System

July
IEC TS
62933-5-1:2017
First
Edition Published
(Safety of Grid
ESS)

2017

IEEE P2686
Approved PAR
(Practice for ESS
BMS)

September

Publication of
"Energy Storage
Permitting and
Interconnection
Process Guide
for New York City:
Lithium-Ion
Outdoor Systems"

April

2018

April
IEC 62933-5-2:2020
Published (Safety
of Electrochemical
ESS)
NFPA 855 First
Edition Published
(Installation of
ESS)

IEC 63056:2020
(Safety of Li Cells,
ESS) and IEC 629842:2020 Published
(Safety of HighTemperature
Batteries)

March

February
IEC 62932-2-2
Published (Safety
of Flow Battery
ESS)

2020

September

April
Surprise, AZ
Battery Explosion:
First Instance of
Injuries to First
Responders

January
South Korea
South Korean
Government
Requested
Temporary
Suspension of
Operations of 522
ESS Units After a
Year With 23 ESS
Fires

2019

figure 1. A timeline of grid energy storage safety, including incidents, codes and standards, and other safety guidance. DOE: U.S. Department of Energy; FAA: Federal
Aviation Administration; OE: Office of Electricity; PAR: project authorization request; NFPA: National Fire Protection Association.

Other Safety
Guidance

July
Port Angeles, WA
Storage Battery
Fire: Stranded
Energy Resulted
in Reignition a
Week After
Extinguishing

February
ANSI UL 197
First Edition
(Batteries for Use
in Rail/ESS)

November
Flagstaff, AZ

2013

January
USA
Boeing
Dreamlinear
Grounded
by FAA

2012

August
Oahu, HI
Battery Room
Fire: Kahuku
Wind Energy
Storage Farm,
US$30 million
Damage

Incidents
Codes and
Standards

September
Tsukuba, Japan
Sodium-Sulfur
Battery Fire

2011

"explored gaps in safety R&D;
enabled the development of
codes, standards, and regulations (CSR); and educated
first responders on energy
storage system safety." This
was an initial attempt at bringing safety agencies and first
responders together to understand how best to address
ESS safety. In 2016, Det Norske Veritas (Norway) and Germanischer Lloyd (DNV GL)
published the GRIDSTOR
Recommended Practice on
"Safety, Operation and Performance of Grid-Connected
Energy Storage Systems."
Other efforts included a collaboration between the New
York State Energy Research
and Development Authority,
SmartDG Hub (led by the
City University of New York),
and the city of New York
(with technical assistance from
DNV GL, a testing and consulting company) which, in 2018,
produced a process guidebook for BESSs: "Permitting
and Interconnection Process
Guide for New York City
Lithium-Ion Outdoor Systems."
At the same time, many
organizations were also de--
veloping or improving codes
and standards to guide the
design and installation of
ESSs. Tables 1 and 2 categorize these standards into
five groups: components,
integrated systems, installation and commissioning,
operations and maintenance,
and incident preparedness.
Despite the breadth of these
standards, none provide significant guidance on wholesystem preventive and predictive maintenance. Two of the
most notable standards in the
United States are UL 9540
(Standard for Energy Storage Systems and Equipment)
and National Fire Protection

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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2020

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