IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021 - 114

and energy system provided by other
sectors. Transmission capacity combined
with consumption flexibility will be very
important for efficient
the large new capacity of variable renewable
electricity generation. It will
also benefit consumers by reducing the
need and expected costs for backup capacity
and balancing.
Green Energy for a
Better World
With an increasing share of variable renewables
in the electricity system and the
growth of electrification in other sectors,
the value of transmission capacity is high.
The electricity market is the tool that will
help to both identify the most valuable
investments and reveal the benefits. The
Danish and European example of expansion
of cross-border transmission capacity
provides insights that are important
to the acceleration of transmission upgrades
to ensure an efficient path toward
a climate-neutral energy system. Electricintegration
of
ity markets provide the price signals and
transparency necessary to achieve the
socioeconomic benefits from transmission
upgrade to increase cross-border
exchange of electricity and improved
utilization and flexibility from more
integrated electricity systems. Unbundling
as an efficient market-based solution
makes it easier to decide whether to
expand the transmission grid, the location
of production capacity, or the location
of demand.
It is also necessary to mention a barrier
for transmission grid buildout. The
electricity market may not completely
remove the public resistance to new
overhead lines, but its transparency allows
its benefits to be seen by the people.
Public opposition can delay projects
important to the efficient green transition
by many years, thus influencing the
possibility to implement a climate-neutral
energy system on schedule. Unfortunately,
there are no simple solutions to
this challenge.
Transmission technology developments
will offer new opportunities such as reducing
costs and improving the use of
HVdc cables as well as contributing to the
new demands in an inverter-based electricity
system. Another solution reducing
the visual impact is the use of ultrahigh
voltage systems that will increase the capacity
on each overhead line, thus requiring
fewer lines.
Finally, the development of powerto-X
in a large number of countries in
Europe and globally makes it possible
to convert electricity to hydrogen and
transport the electricity as gas or other
energy products in pipelines or trucks
and competitively replace the use of
fossil fuels in industrial processes and
heavy transport on land, sea, and air.
Once again, the electricity market can
provide the price signals and transparency
that will facilitate the necessary
decisions to accelerate the green energy
transition for a better world.
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114
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021

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