IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021 - 55

generators, capacity services may become more critical than
energy services. The Services Research Program also aims
to characterize the ability of power system-connected technologies
(e.g., generation and demand) to meet these requirements
cost-effectively. Put differently, this program is " where
the markets meet the physics " -it is an important bridge to
detailed electricity market design, which is out of scope for
the G-PST Consortium.
Finally
The research questions described here are not entirely new,
and activity already is taking place to solve many of them.
Some of the research questions (or parts thereof) are, by
their nature, transitory and near term; i.e., they will no longer
be relevant when power systems reach a certain stage in
the transition. Research efforts solving " transition " issues
must be considered as a cost of the changeover, and their
application needs to be considered in light of their transitory
nature.
While many system operators are facing similar research
challenges, each power system is different when considered
technically, institutionally, and geographically. This leads to
potentially different detailed solutions in applications and
different levels of urgency and pathways to solutions. Great
care will be taken to ensure that the solutions being developed
under the G-PST Consortium are not skewed toward a
particular system operator's needs. They must be " generic "
and capable of being applied more broadly to all of the system
(and future system) operators globally.
This research agenda has been informed by a select
group of system operators on the cutting edge of the transition
and is limited to an initial scope, a 10-year horizon,
and a focus on the bulk power system. In time, the ambition
of the G-PST Consortium is to expand the involvement
of others, including distribution system operators and
actors in the broader integrated energy system. Therefore,
a fuller research agenda with a wider scope will expand
into adjacent areas (e.g., planning and operating DERs,
power-to-X, and so on) and to a longer time horizon (e.g.,
20-30 years).
Conclusion
The G-PST Consortium's Research Agenda Group has produced
a research agenda consisting of 59 research questions
organized into six research programs. It is focused on the
near-term (10 years) core bulk power system issues. The
questions are overlapping, dependent, and interacting. A
holistic and/or coordinated global effort is required to solve
these questions quickly so the transition to future power systems
is not hampered or delayed.
For Further Reading
" Inaugural research agenda, " Global PST Consortium, Feb.
2021. [Online]. Available: https://globalpst.org/wp-content/
uploads/G-PST-Inaugural-Research-Agenda.pdf
november/december 2021
" Toward 100% renewable energy pathways: Key research
needs, " Energy Systems Integration Group, Oct. 2019.
[Online]. Available: https://www.esig.energy/wp-content/
uploads/2020/06/Toward-100-Renewable-Energy-Pathways
-Key-Research-Needs.pdf
M. Braun, C. Hachmann, and J. Haack, " Blackouts, restoration,
and islanding, " IEEE Power Energy Mag., vol.
18, no. 4, pp. 54-63, July/Aug. 2020. doi: 10.1109/MPE
.2020.2986659.
H. Holttinen et al., " System impact studies for near 100%
renewable energy systems dominated by inverter-based variable
generation, " IEEE Trans. Power Syst., early access, Oct.
30, 2020. doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2020.3034924.
B. Kroposki et al., " Achieving a 100% renewable grid:
Operating electric power systems with extremely high levels
of variable renewable energy, " IEEE Power & Energy
Mag., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 61-73, Mar./Apr. 2017. doi: 10.1109/
MPE.2016.2637122.
P. Denholm et al., " The challenges of achieving a
100% renewable electricity system in the United States, "
Joule, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1331-1352, June 2021. doi: 10.1016/
j.joule.2021.03.028.
Biographies
Mark O'Malley is with the Energy Systems Integration
Group/University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Thomas Bowen is with the National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA.
Janusz Bialek is with Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne, U.K.
Martin Braun is with Fraunhofer and the University of
Kassel, Kassel, Germany.
Nicolaos Cutululis is with the Technical University of
Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
Tim Green is with Imperial College London, London, U.K.
Anders Hansen is with Energinet, Fredericia, Denmark.
Eoin Kennedy is with EirGrid, Dublin, Ireland.
Juha Kiviluoma is with VTT, Helsinki, Finland.
Julian Leslie is with the National Grid Electricity System
Operator, London, U.K.
Yitong Li is with Imperial College London, London, U.K.
Julia Matevosyan is with the Electric Reliability Council
of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA.
Jason McDowell is with General Electric, New York, USA.
Nick Miller is with HickoryLedge, Delmar, New York, USA.
Phil Pettingill is with the California Independent System
Operator, California, USA.
Deepak Ramasubramanian is with the Electric Power
Research Institute, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Luke Robinson is with the Australian Energy Market
Operator, Melbourne, Australia.
Christian Schaefer is with GHD, Melbourne, Australia.
John Ward is with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial
Research Organisation, Melbourne, Australia.
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https://www.esig.energy/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/toward-100-renewable-energy-pathways-key-rescarch-needs.pdf https://www.esig.energy/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/toward-100-renewable-energy-pathways-key-rescarch-needs.pdf https://www.esig.energy/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/toward-100-renewable-energy-pathways-key-rescarch-needs.pdf https://www.globalpst.org/wp-content/uploads/g-pts-inaugural-resarch-agenda.pdf https://www.globalpst.org/wp-content/uploads/g-pts-inaugural-resarch-agenda.pdf

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021

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