IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021 - 88

1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
-200
-400
-600
Import
Wind
Gas
Large-Scale Solar
Battery Load
Rooftop Solar
Battery Generation
Operational Demand
figure 2. South Australia solar generation versus demand in the high-solar-PV event on 11 October 2020. Operational
demand is the demand on the transmission system, seeing the impact of behind-the-meter PVs on the behind-the-meter
load. (Source: https://aemo.com.au/en/newsroom/media-release/solar-power-fuels-south-australias-total-energy-demand.)
In Brazil, VRE is mostly located in the northeastern
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
region. It has supplied most of the regional load in the peak
wind seasons (a 46% average share compared to 12% in the
country) and sometimes exceeded the local load (Figure 4),
exporting power to the other regions of the country and complementing
the production profile of the hydropower fleet.
In Chile, VRE supply is around 20% of the system energy
demand, with peaks of 30% of the daily energy demand on
good days.
Increased Zero and Negative
Prices in Energy Markets
Sometimes, system-wide energy prices can be negative due
to overgeneration. (The available VRE generation plus the
minimum generation levels of thermal plants is higher than
the system load.) Negative prices are a market signal to all
generators to decrease output and can incentivize the capability
for generators to reduce output.
In the system operator Electric Reliability Council of
figure 3. The SNSP in February 2021 in Ireland and
Northern Ireland during the operational trial, which allowed
the SNSP level to reach 70%.
88
ieee power & energy magazine
Texas (ERCOT), negative prices occur during nighttime in
the spring and fall (during high-wind, low-load conditions)
in wind-rich areas behind transmission constraints. During
november/december 2021
(%)
Generation/Demand (MW)
10 February 2021
11 February 2021
12 February 2021
13 February 2021
14 February 2021
15 February 2021
16 February 2021
17 February 2021
18 February 2021
19 February 2021
20 February 2021
21 February 2021
0:30
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0:00

https://aemo.com.au/en/newsroom/media-release/solar-power-fuels-south-australias-total-energy-demand

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021

Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021 - Contents
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2021 - Cover4
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