IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Grid Edge 2023 - 34

Q(V)/Pmax = 70%
Q(V)/P(V)
Q(V) Without
PF Limitation
Q(V) with
PF Limitation
CosPhi(P)
OLTC with
Vset = 0.98 p.u.
OLTC with
Vset = 1.0 p.u.
No Voltage Control
€29,614 €17,874 €24
€29,614 €17,152
€62,427
€70,184
€56,552
€77,932
€77,932
€58,115
€77,932
€83,925
€43,810
€51,275
€61,841
€61,841
€19,386
€24,936
€24,936
€863
€21,041
€19,958
), the
€168,625
figure 8. Results of a cost-benefit analysis for two different LV grids, covering different advanced inverter functions and
MV/LV on-load tap changer. Shown are the NPVs of the required future classical grid reinforcement costs (NPVINVEST
), the NPV of feed-in curtailments (NPVOP2
NPV of the associated network losses (NPVOP1
maintenance work on OLTCs (OLTC maintenance).
curtailment of PV systems and other RES for saving grid
reinforcement costs. Recent studies indicate that there exists
a significant potential. This potential can also be seen in Figure
8 (especially grid no. 20) with a P(V) control approach
for low voltage grids. At higher grid levels, a coordinated
control is discussed presently.
), and the NPV for additional
One particular research trend in Germany is to redefine
interfaces between distribution system operation and transmission
system operation and to analyze how DSOs can provide
technical services to the transmission system operator
(TSO). The concerted provision of active and reactive power
flows at the interconnection points between the distribution
€153,162
€863
€863
€18,856
€14,577
€21,103
€14,663
Grid No. 20
€22,079 €134
€18,241
€18,220
€22,306
€18,014
€863
€22,128
€22,127
NPVINVEST
NPVOP1
NPVOP2
OLTC Maintenance
Grid No. 39
NPVINVEST
NPVOP1
NPVOP2
OLTC Maintenance
75.63
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Mon
5 May
Mon
5 May
Stacked
Tue
6 May
Tue
6 May
Wed
7 May
Thu
8 May
Stream Expanded Export
Thu
8 May
Date
Fri
9 May
Fri
9 May
Sat
Sat
Import Hydro Power Biomass Uranium
Hard Coal Gas Oil Others Pumped Storage Seasonal Storage Wind Solar
figure 9. The generation mix for Germany 5-11 May 2014 (source: Fraunhofer ISE).
34
ieee power & energy magazine
march/april 2015
Sun
Sun
10 May 10 May 11 May 11 May
Brown Coal
Power (GW)

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Grid Edge 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Grid Edge 2023

Contents
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