IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - 34
* Integración personalizada costosa
(US$300 por línea de código)
* US$3,000 millones de US$9,000 millones
por concesión del ARRA del DOE gastados
en interfaces personalizadas
* Vector de ataque potencial para cada
interfaz personalizada
* ¡Inseguro! No hay pruebas ni certificación
NISC
SCADA
SIG
AMI
SCADA
Aclara
Milsoft
Survalent
Estructura de datos de TI tradicional
Lectura de
medidor
SIG
CIS
Interfaces
OMS
CIS
EA
IVR
STAKE
gráfico 2. Interfaces personalizadas costosas e inseguras. DOE: Departamento de Energía de EE. UU.; ARRA: Ley de
Recuperación y Reinversión de Estados Unidos; SIG: sistema de información geográfica; CIS: sistema de información de
clientes; EA: análisis de ingeniería; IVR: respuesta de voz interactiva; STAKE: apilamiento y diseño (Fuente: White River
Valley Electric/Chris Hamon, director ejecutivo; utilizado con permiso).
Sistema 1
Sistema 2
Base de datos
interna
Base de datos
interna
Interfaz personalizada
$$$
La interfaz personalizada debe modificarse cuando cambie
cualquiera de las dos bases de datos internas, lo que es
un proceso lento y costoso.
gráfico 3. Desafíos con la interfaz personalizada, costosa
y que requiere mucho tiempo.
El desafío de la integración del ADMS
A pesar de sus beneficios bien establecidos, existen cuatro
obstáculos principales para la implementación y la adopción
de las plataformas del ADMS:
1) La complejidad de la integración de los diversos sistemas para garantizar una conectividad perfecta.
2) La disponibilidad y calidad del modelo de datos.
3) La incapacidad de evaluar y cuantificar los beneficios.
4) La falta de una amplia comunidad de proveedores
para atender las necesidades de las empresas de servicios públicos de todos los tamaños.
Este artículo se enfocará en el primer punto, los desafíos
de interoperabilidad e integración. Los complejos, largos
y costosos problemas de integración que surgen a partir de
la combinación de componentes de software, tales como
OMS, sistemas SCADA, DERM, infraestructura de medición avanzada (AMI, por sus siglas en inglés) y aplicaciones
34
ieee power & energy magazine
móviles, representan el mayor desafío para el diseño y la
implementación del ADMS.
En un ADMS, los sistemas se integran para compartir
sin problemas los modelos de red, las mediciones, los valores de la base de datos y las señales de control. Una plataforma del ADMS efectiva tiene que balancear las limitaciones del pasado, las necesidades del presente y los desafíos
desconocidos del futuro. Las empresas de servicios públicos
normalmente implementan los ADMS para aplicaciones
avanzadas, como localización de fallas, aislamiento y restablecimiento del servicio, control/optimización de volt-var,
integración de FED, programas de respuesta a la demanda
(RD), gestión de conmutación planificada y no planificada,
y otras funcionalidades. Una de las principales razones del
problema de interoperabilidad es que cada sistema de soft--
ware suele utilizar sus propios modelos de datos y/o protocolos personalizados, que a menudo no son transportables
entre proveedores. Por ejemplo, sería inusual que un OMS
del proveedor A se conectara con un sistema de gestión de
la demanda del proveedor B sin esfuerzos de integración
extensos y costosos, que casi siempre implican un trabajo
de interfaz personalizada y patentada que es inescalable
e intransferible.
Desafío: Integración costosa,
no segura y personalizada
Una solución de interoperabilidad creada para facilitar la
conectividad entre los sistemas de las empresas de servicios
públicos puede proporcionar una solución rentable para el
desafío de la integración del ADMS. A finales de la década
de 1990, más de 800 cooperativas de distribución eléctrica
y miembros de la Asociación Nacional de Cooperativas
enero/febrero 2020
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020
Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - 2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - 3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - 4
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - 5
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - Cover4
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