IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - 94
En algún punto del camino, la línea giratoria ha ganado una punta de flecha
y la dirección de proyección ha cambiado, pero sigue siendo una línea. Hay
una nota al pie de página que introduce
la palabra sinor, aparentemente otro término para lo mismo. Sinor fue utilizado
en algunas obras publicadas entre 1945
y aproximadamente 1955, pero para entonces ya estaba cayendo en desuso.
uso se describió en 1960 en un libro
de ingeniería eléctrica de uso general
(Electrical Engineering Science, de
Clement y Johnson) con las siguientes
palabras:
Para mayor comodidad en el tratamiento matemático que se dará
en el Cap. 11, elegiremos proyectar la flecha en el eje horizontal.
La flecha se denomina fasor.
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Revit Model
System One-line
kV
T-SCV
500 kVA
.48-0.48 kV
4%
3-#1, 1#1, 1-#8
3-#250, 1#250, 1-#6
3-#1, 1#1, 1-#8
3-#350, 1#350, 1-#4
.4
8
kV
3-#250, 1#250, 1-#3
.4
8
T-SCV-S
PANEL
Analysis and
Auto-Design
CURRENT IN AMPERES X 100 AT 480 VOLTS
.5 .6
.8
1
2
3
4
5 6 7 8 9 10
2
3
4
5 6 7 8 9 100
2
3
4
5 6 7 8 9 1000
Bus kV
Sym
Amps
X/R
Ratio
Mult
Factor
Asym
Amps
4' - 0"
Equi
Type
0.480
19480.3
3.69
1.19
23188.3
LVPCB
MCC-1
0.480
20032.6
3.55
1.18
23640.9
LVPCB
0.48
MCC-2
0.480
19779.7
3.43
1.17
23181.0
LVPCB
1' - 0"
10597.4
PNL-1
0.480
3.73
1.19
PNL-2
0.208
5961.4
2.11
1.07
6377.3
SWG-4
0.480
24127.6
6.18
1.33
31990.4
8882.5
Hazard Boundary
inches
2 at 18 Amps
pants or arc
cal/cm Duty
cal/cm2 at 18 inches
arc rated 6.0
shirt and
- Arc Flash Incident
d
Arc-rated
Energy
19480.3 when cover is remove
Hazard
0.48
kV Shock
kV Shock Hazard
20032.6ch
when cover is removed
3' - 6"
Limited Approa ch
Limited Approach
Approa
1' - 0"
Restricted
Restricted Approach
19779.7 (Fed By: 27B)
A
N ONLY
Equipment
URATIO
Name: MCC-23
Name: SWG-4
8882.5
LVPCB
(Fed By: 18A)
Equipment
SYSTEM CONFIG VALID FOR
NORMAL
NORMAL SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION
VALID FOR
5961.4
LVPCB
ONLY
6.0
0.15
4
3
2
Short Circuit
Calculations
24127.6
18.71
3
.1
1.90
40
30
20
17.58
8
8
6
5
4
3
2
1
1
.8
BL-3
GE MVT-9
T-9
Sensor = 800
Plug = 800
Cur Set = 0.5
0.5
5 (400A)
LT Band = 1
Inst = 4 (3200A)
.4
.3
.6
.5
BL-5
Cutler H
Hammer
Series C
am
mmer
er Serie
HFD
Frame
e = 225A (150AT)
(150A
Trip = 150
.06
.05
.04
.03
.4
BL-1
18627A
.3
C-6
1 - 400 kcmil CU
TX-2
1000 / 1288 kVA
INRUSH
.1
.08
.06
.05
.04
.03
1
2
3
4
5 6 7 8 9 10
2
3
4
5 6 7 8 9 100
2
3
4
Automated
Protective
Device
Coordination
.02
BL-5
20574A
.8
.2
.1
BL-3
29249A
.02
.5 .6
80
10
BL-5
C-H HFD
225/150
.8
.6
.5
.2
.08
.01
300
200
100
60
50
BL-3
GE AKR-30H
800/400
.4
M-1
3' - 6"
LVPCB
400
BL-1
GE AKR-50
1600/1760
19
TIME IN SECONDS
Total Fault Fault
3 PHASE Fault
M-1
Bus Name
BL-1
MVT-Plus
GE MVT
MV
T-Plus
Sensor = 1600
Plug = 1600
Cur Set = 1.1 (1760A)
LT Band = 1
STPU = 2.5
.5 (4400A)
ST Delay = Int
Int
ST Delay I²t = Out
Override = 50000A
8
6
5
rd
k Risk Haza
and Shoc
Arc Flash and Shock
Arc Flash iate PPE Required
ropr
Equipment
Duties
App
Appropriate PPE Risk Hazard
Required
t Energy
Boundary Flash4'
Inciden
coverall
- 0"
Flash Hazard
- Arc
rated
Flash
5 6 7 8 9 10000
1000
TX-2
1 / 1.288 MVA
13.8 - 0.48 kV
6%
24
SWG-4
40
30
10
Vpu = 1.00
4
800
TX-2
-2
kVA
1000 / 1288 k
VA
6%
20
EasyPower 10.4.0.198 10/11/2018 10:00:07 AM C:\...\Protection-1..dez
EasyPower LLC
Comments:
3
600
500
80
60
50
LV Momentary Report
2
TX-2
FLA
800
600
500
400
300
200
100
TIME IN SECONDS
1000
5 6 7 8 9 1000
2
3
4
.01
5 6 7 8 9 10000
CURRENT IN AMPERES X 100 AT 480 VOLTS
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En el libro de 1952 Analysis of Alternating Currents (Análisis de corrientes alternas), W.R. LePage escribe:
"El término 'sinor' debe interpretarse
como una abreviatura de la frase 'representación simbólica de una sinusoide'". Una nota a pie de página en el original añade lo siguiente, resaltando la
idea de una línea:
Un sinor no representa una sinusoide en el sentido de que una
variable ordinaria representa una
cantidad. La línea dirigida es absolutamente diferente de una sinusoide. Por lo tanto, la palabra
"simbólico" es importante.
LePage reconoce la doble abstracción. Continúa con una explicación
que sugiere que el sinor incluye solo la
magnitud y el ángulo en su representación simbólica. Tal vez porque "todos
sabían" que la frecuencia del sistema
de potencia era constante, el hecho de
que una sinusoide tenía una frecuencia
se desvanecía. Todo lo que se necesitaba saber era el ángulo y la magnitud,
y se había caracterizado completamente la tensión o la corriente del sistema
eléctrico.
Tal vez en reconocimiento de ello,
algunos libros de texto de la época
añadieron un nuevo término, uno que
parece provenir de la comunidad de las
matemáticas. En lugar del uso original
de fasor, se identificó el término fasor
estacionario con la línea que representa
la sinusoide. Podemos por lo menos dibujar un fasor estacionario. La sinusoide en (1), una función del tiempo, viene
dada por la proyección del fasor (es decir, la línea) sobre el eje horizontal, tal
y como se observa en los Gráficos 2 y
3. Sin embargo, se puede pensar en estos gráficos como instantáneas de una
línea giratoria (el fasor) en un momento
determinado. En el Gráfico 3, t = 0.
Por ejemplo, Clement y Johnson
afirman que "si se conoce ~ , el fasor estacionario representa la función
f (t) = A cos (~t + i) . " (las cursivas
están en el original). En otras palabras,
aunque el fasor estacionario no es toda
la historia, la representa por que todos
conocemos la frecuencia. El fasor estacionario nos da la amplitud y la fase. En
http://www.EasyPower.com/Revit
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020
Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - 2
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2020 - Cover4
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