IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 123

Ângelo Sarmento
E-REDES
resiliencia de las infraestructuras eléctricas ante
los incendios forestales
E
EL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO HA TEnido
múltiples efectos en los últimos
años, siendo los incendios forestales
incontrolables uno de los más trágicos.
Estos sucesos no solo afectan a la continuidad
del servicio de la red eléctrica,
sino que también presionan al operador
del servicio de distribución para
que mejore la planificación, el mantenimiento
y la gestión de la red. Los
esfuerzos están evolucionando en un
ciclo de mejora continua hacia la identificación
de las mejores prácticas, permitiendo
que los elementos de transmisión
aérea de la red alcancen un estado
de riesgo residual ante la amenaza de
los incendios forestales.
En mi opinión, tras 15 años en la
Junta de Directores de E-REDES (el
gestor de redes de distribución portugués
[GRD]), no basta con que una
empresa tenga un historial de esfuerzos
innovadores en la planificación, el
mantenimiento y la gestión de la red
eléctrica. En un mundo en el que todo
está bajo un mayor escrutinio, los GRD
deben abrir su ecosistema técnico al
mundo. Tienen que demostrar que sus
iniciativas agregan otras áreas de conocimiento
para impulsar medidas que
aborden los problemas emergentes.
En Portugal, 2017 demostró que el
deseo humano de contener los fenómenos
de la naturaleza a las estaciones del
año fue un esfuerzo infructuoso contra
la realidad del cambio climático. Ese
año, dos episodios de incendios foresIdentificador
de Objeto Digital 10.1109/MPE.2021.3122776
Fecha de la versión actual: 19 de enero de 2022
enero/febrero 2022
tales con consecuencias
catastróficas se
produjeron fuera de la
temporada crítica de incendios
forestales, que
en Portugal se extiende
del 1 de julio al 30 de
septiembre. Lo mismo
está ocurriendo en
todo el mundo, no solo
en zonas geográficas
con latitudes similares
a las de Portugal (por
ejemplo, California y
Grecia), sino también
en latitudes más frías
(por ejemplo, Canadá y
Siberia).
Estos acontecimientos crearon inEn
un mundo
en el que
todo está bajo
un mayor
escrutinio,
los GRD
deben abrir
su ecosistema
técnico al
mundo.
numerables debates en toda una sociedad
conmocionada, que se esforzaba
por comprender lo que había fallado.
En Portugal, debido a que un mayor
porcentaje de las redes de distribución
eléctrica de alta y media tensión
se encuentra por encima del suelo en
comparación con los países vecinos,
E- REDES se encontró con que sus esfuerzos
para promover la compatibilidad
de la infraestructura eléctrica con
la naturaleza estaban bajo escrutinio.
El escrutinio en torno al riesgo de
incendio de los GRD y de los operadores
de redes de transmisión se está
convirtiendo en algo habitual en todo
el mundo. Se amplió tras la declaración
de quiebra de PG&E en Estados Unidos.
Desde entonces, las empresas de
energía con operaciones de transmisión
o distribución de electricidad están experimentando
un aumento
en las consultas
de las partes interesadas
sobre los esfuerzos para
gestionar los efectos de
los incendios forestales.
El
intercambio
de
ideas interno nos llevó a
agrupar todas las iniciativas
relacionadas con
los incendios forestales
en un proyecto amplio.
Más recientemente, separamos
la gestión de la
vegetación de la gestión
general del mantenimiento
de la red. Convencidos
de que nuestra
experiencia podría aplicarse con éxito
en todos los congéneres, a continuación
comparto cómo se desarrolló este
esfuerzo y las lecciones aprendidas.
Esfuerzos de agregación
A finales de 2018, E-REDES decidió
agrupar sus esfuerzos en la gestión de
la vegetación en el marco del " Proyecto
VEGA " . Este proyecto cuenta con seis
líneas de trabajo, cinco de ellas técnicas
y una transversal de comunicación,
junto con un comité directivo en el que
participan nuestros altos directivos y
que, desde entonces, marca la pauta de
las mejoras y la comunicación con las
partes interesadas en esta área.
Cada una de las líneas de trabajo
técnico se centra en áreas específicas,
(continuación en la pág. 120)
ieee power & energy magazine
123
en mi opinión

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022

Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Contents
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover3
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