IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 52

distribuida (FED) pueden ser un soporte potente para suministrar
la pérdida de alimentación. Por ejemplo, la serie de
incendios suscitada en enero de 2017 afectaron la línea San
Javier-Constitución de 66 kV (circuito único), dejando a la
ciudad de Constitución funcionando en modo de isla. La isla
recibió suministro por generación local entre el 25 y el 31
de enero, donde la central eléctrica Celco proporcionó el
control de frecuencia necesario. Por lo tanto, los consumidores
residenciales e industriales (productores de pulpa y
papel) continuaron recibiendo suministro a través de generación
térmica local con biomasa y diésel (figura 4). Aunque
la justificación para instalar estas unidades de generación
distribuida no era su capacidad de prestar servicios de confiabilidad
y resiliencia, esto podría cambiar en el futuro. Los
riesgos cada vez mayores concientizan a los diseñadores de
políticas y promueven soluciones basadas en FED ante los
problemas de resiliencia.
Respuesta de la autoridad
Conocimiento de la situación
Desde 2017, el Ministerio de Energía (MinEnergía) ha
tomado un rol importante en alertar a las partes interesadas
clave sobre peligros naturales, como incendios cercanos a
infraestructura crítica de energía. Para ello, el MinEnergía ha
desarrollado herramientas avanzadas para el conocimiento
de situaciones (un visor territorial que permite el monitoreo
permanente de las principales amenazas que afecten el sector
energético) llamadas #EnergíaAlerta. La interfaz gráfica
contiene datos georreferenciados de los centros de energía
(ubicación de electricidad, combustibles líquidos e infraestructura
de gas), sus niveles de criticidad y la ubicación de
los peligros naturales informados. El visor también contiene
variables climáticas, como velocidad y dirección del viento,
humedad y temperatura, lo que permite a los usuarios anticipar
las
posibles
trayectorias
de los peligros naturales (incendios).
Esta potente herramienta
es administrada por el MinEnergía
y es accesible para la autoridad
normativa, el operador de
redes, las compañías de la red y
distintos participantes del mercado.
La figura 5 muestra una
imagen de la pantalla principal
de la herramienta.
En relación con los incendios
figura 5. La herramienta de conocimiento de situaciones administrada por el Ministerio
de Energía se llama #EnergíaAlerta.
forestales, el MinEnergía firmó
un acuerdo de colaboración
con la Corporación Nacional
Forestal para que las bases de
datos y plataformas de ambas
instituciones puedan
interactuar.
Esto permite a los usuarios
tener información en tiempo real
sobre la ubicación y el estado
de los incendios, estudiar la
exposición de la infraestructura
eléctrica relevante a las amenazas
de incendios y avisar oportunamente
a los propietarios y
operadores de redes. El sistema
informa automáticamente al
operador de redes, los propietarios
de redes, la oficina normativa
y el MinEnergía (entre otras
autoridades) cuando un incendio
se acerca demasiado a la infraestructura
eléctrica (2 km).
Además de incendios, el
figura 6. Mapa de Probabilidad de Ignición de Incendios Forestales (27 de abril de
2021) (Fuente: https://geprif.carto.com/; utilizado con permiso).
52
ieee power & energy magazine
visor muestra información sobre
riesgos volcánicos, terremotos,
tsunamis y zonas de inundación,
enero/febrero 2022
https://geprif.carto.com/

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022

Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 4
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover4
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