IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 76

Gestión de riesgos de
los incendios forestales
L
76
LAS EMPRESAS DE SERVICIOS PÚBLICOS DE TODO
el mundo se enfrentan a niveles de riesgos de incendio nunca
antes vistos a causa de las fallas y deficiencias de rutina en
las líneas y equipos de transmisión y distribución. Los riesgos
son mayores porque los cambios en los patrones meteorológicos
producen condiciones extremas de sequía y de tormentas
violentas. Estas empresas deben gestionar aparatos
eléctricos envejecidos y situaciones de fallas y arcos eléctricos
difíciles de detectar. Los incendios más graves de los
últimos años han aumentado la conciencia del público sobre
estos riesgos.
San Diego Gas & Electric Company (SDG&E) es una
de las empresas de servicios públicos de California que se
enfrenta a este peligro, se ocupa de sus causas
y realiza importantes esfuerzos para reducirlo.
El programa de reducción de riesgos se basa
en gran medida en soluciones innovadoras, que
experimentan y aplican una serie de nuevas
tecnologías y estrategias. No existe un enfoque
único para la reducción de los riesgos de incendio;
SDG&E aplica una serie de programas de
mejora para los aparatos y de respuestas operativas
y ante eventos, al tiempo que desarrolla nuevos
equipos y métodos de protección y control.
Este artículo presenta el conjunto de estrategias
de SDG&E para reducir los riesgos de
incendio, entre las que se incluyen las sustituciones
por fortalecimiento de la red, el monitoreo
meteorológico, los procedimientos operativos
adaptativos, los diseños adaptativos de
detección de fallas de distribución y los nuevos
esquemas de protección más rápidos y sensibles
para las líneas de transmisión. Además, SDG&E
ha sido el líder del sector en el desarrollo de la
protección contra la caída de conductores (FCP,
por sus siglas en inglés) de distribución a partir
de unidades de medición fasorial (PMU, por sus
siglas en inglés) y flujos de datos sincrofásicos
recogidos en los circuitos de distribución.
Identificador de Objeto Digital 10.1109/MPE.2021.3122733
Fecha de la versión actual: 19 de enero de 2022
ieeepower & energy magazine
1540-7977/22©2022IEEE
enero/febrero 2022
Como ya hemos explicado, detectar la apertura de un
conductor y desabastecer un circuito mientras el conductor
continúa cayendo evita que se produzca una falla a tierra en
arco que puede encender la vegetación seca: el conductor
roto no tiene energía cuando cae. SDG&E está preparando
el despliegue de nuevos esquemas de FCP de líneas de transmisión
a partir de las mediciones de la PMU, que pueden
disparar una línea y evitar el riesgo de ignición de incendios
de la misma manera que lo hace con los circuitos de distribución.
En las siguientes secciones resumimos las estrategias
de toda la empresa y exponemos los detalles técnicos de
cada estrategia de protección y control.

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022

Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 4
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 5
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 6
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 7
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 8
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 9
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 10
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 11
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 12
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 13
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 14
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 15
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 16
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 17
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 18
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 19
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 20
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 21
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 22
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 23
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 24
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 25
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 26
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 27
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 28
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 29
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 30
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 31
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 32
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 33
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 34
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 35
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 36
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 37
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 38
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 39
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 40
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 41
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 42
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 43
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 44
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 45
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 46
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 47
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 48
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 49
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 50
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 51
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 52
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 53
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 54
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 55
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 56
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 57
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 58
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 59
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 60
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 61
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 62
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 63
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 64
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 65
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 66
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 67
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 68
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 69
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 70
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 71
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 72
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 73
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 74
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 75
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 76
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 77
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 78
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 79
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 80
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 81
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 82
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 83
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 84
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 85
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 86
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 87
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 88
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 89
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 90
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 91
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 92
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 93
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 94
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 95
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 96
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 97
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 98
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 99
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 100
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 101
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 102
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 103
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 104
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 105
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 106
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 107
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 108
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 109
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 110
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 111
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 112
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 113
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 114
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 115
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 116
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 117
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 118
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 119
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 120
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 121
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 122
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - 123
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2022 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0708_2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0506_2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0304_2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0102_2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_1112_2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0910_2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0708_2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0506_2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0304_2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0102_2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_111220
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_091020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_070820
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_050620
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_030420
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_010220
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_1119
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_091019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_070819
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_050619
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_030419
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_010219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_111218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_091018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_070818
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_050618
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_030418
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_010218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0917
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0717
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0517
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0117
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0317
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_1116
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0916
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_111217
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com