IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - 43
Numerosas ideas
para la dinámica
del sistema eléctrico
a partir de la
asimilación de datos
Cómo afrontar los retos actuales
L
LAS REDES ELÉCTRICAS MUNDIALES HAN EVOlucionado
en los últimos 120 años desde una sola línea eléctrica
hasta las grandes redes actuales. La evolución continuará
a un ritmo acelerado con un amplio desarrollo de las
redes inteligentes en todo el mundo. Por ejemplo, el gobierno
estadounidense se ha fijado el objetivo de alcanzar un 100 %
de electricidad libre de contaminación por carbono para
2035, mientras que el Departamento de Energía de Estados
Unidos compartió la meta de desplegar 30 y 110 GW de
energía eólica marítima para 2030 y 2050, respectivamente.
Para alcanzar estos objetivos tan ambiciosos, un porcentaje
significativo de la electricidad procederá de fuentes renovables
intermitentes y se suministrará a un número importante
de cargas que responderán de manera activa a las condiciones
de la red y a las señales de incentivos. Este desarrollo
está impulsado en gran medida por factores ambientales y
económicos, como la reducción de las emisiones de carbono
y de los costos de la electricidad para los consumidores.
Estas fuentes de energía y cargas con capacidad de respuesta
dan lugar a comportamientos y dinámicas nuevos e inciertos
que la red nunca ha experimentado y que no se tuvieron
en cuenta en su diseño. Operar una red tan dinámica con
suficiente confiabilidad y eficiencia es un reto monumental.
En la figura 1, se presentan tres retos a los que se enfrentan
las herramientas de software utilizadas en la planificación y
el funcionamiento de los sistemas eléctricos, junto con sus
soluciones.
Por un lado, como función básica de los sistemas de gestión
de la energía (EMS, por sus siglas en inglés), la estimación
del estado actual ignora en gran medida la dinámica
de la red eléctrica. La interacción electromecánica de los
generadores y las características dinámicas de las cargas no
Por Shaobu Wang , Zhenyu Huang , Renke Huang,
Ning Zhou y Junbo Zhao
Identificador de Objeto Digital 10.1109/MPE.2022.3219165
Fecha de la versión actual: 30 de diciembre de 2022
enero/febrero 2023
1540-7977/22©2022IEEE
ieee power & energy magazine
43
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-3573
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4502-0086
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023
Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - 2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - 3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - 4
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - Cover4
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