IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - 87

Varias líneas de investigación están actualmente enfocadas
en minimizar la inversión requerida sin comprometer el
funcionamiento seguro del sistema o la integridad de los activos.
para configuraciones trifásicas. En la práctica, la temperatura
más interna del aislante, que puede aproximarse por
la temperatura del conductor, es el factor limitante para la
ampacidad.
Para evaluar la precisión de este modelo analítico, se
compararon los resultados obtenidos de la temperatura del
conductor con aquellos entregados por la simulación con el
MEF. Esta comparación se realizó con distintos escenarios
de carga y valores cambiantes para la temperatura ambiente,
la resistividad térmica del suelo y la capacidad térmica volumétrica.
El error de estimación máximo fue de aproximadamente
0.8 °C, como se muestra en la figura 2, para un escenario
de ejemplo que comprende una semana.
Por lo tanto, para un perfil de corriente dado, el modelo
de tipo escalera ha demostrado ser lo suficientemente preciso
para calcular la evolución de la temperatura en cada sección
del cable, permitiendo contar con una manera más simple de
evaluar si se superó la temperatura operativa máxima.
Estimación de parámetros
Una posible limitación del modelo discreto de tipo escalera es
que implica una serie de parámetros que no necesariamente
se conocen. Para abordar esta situación, se ha utilizado un
modelo de DSE junto con un filtro de Kalman (KF, por sus
siglas en inglés) no lineal para la estimación conjunta de estados
y parámetros. En la aplicación de la DLR, se puede utilizar
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
024487296
Tiempo (h)
(a)
Analítico
COMSOL
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
120 144 168 024487296
Tiempo (h)
(b)
120 144 168
figura 2. Temperatura del conductor con (a) un modelo de tipo escalera y el MEF, y (b) el error resultante.
Mediciones de DTS
Perfil de corriente esperado
Estimación inicial y
su covarianza de error
Estado y
parámetros
estimados
Algoritmo del KF
Modelo
estimado
de tipo escalera
figura 3. Diagrama de flujo del método de DTS con el KF.
enero/febrero 2023
ieee power & energy magazine
87
Estado
previsto
Comprobación de
sobrecalentamiento
Temperatura del conductor (°C)
Error en temperatura del conductor (°C)

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023

Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - 2
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - January/February 2023 - Cover4
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