IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - March/April 2020 - 80
Los inversores proporcionan un funcionamiento completo de cuatro
cuadrantes con capacidad para importar y exportar potencia real
y reactiva, lo que ofrece la oportunidad de desplegar el ESS para
diversos servicios auxiliares.
red; conmutación distribuida; y una microrred comercial.
La financiación del DoE en 2010 cubrió el 50 % del costo
de este esfuerzo de US$ 25 -m illones, y el 50 % restante
fue compartido equitativamente por la empresa de servi-
cios públicos (US$ 6.5 millones) y sus socios tecnológicos
principales, Enerdel, Eaton y Alstom.
Descripción del sistema
El ESS de iones de litio está compuesto por 20 soportes
modulares de almacenamiento de energía organizados en
cinco bloques, y cada uno de ellos contiene cuatro sopor-
tes. Cada soporte tiene 18 unidades de tipo cajón pequeñas
con cuatro módulos de baterías, totalizando 1,440 módu-
los en el sistema. Cada módulo de batería tiene 12 celdas
de iones de litio conectadas en serie, para un total de 48
celdas conectadas en serie en cada cajonera. La organi-
zación de las celdas, módulos y soportes en un bloque de
baterías se muestra en el gráfico 1. Una cadena de baterías
se compone de tres cajones en serie y funciona a apro-
ximadamente 600 V CC. Las celdas de iones de litio de
los módulos de la batería tienen una capacidad nominal
de 3,000 ciclos de carga y descarga. Un sistema de ges-
tión de baterías (BMS, por sus siglas en inglés) basado en
un controlador lógico programable (PLC, por sus siglas
en inglés) ejecuta únicamente funciones de monitoreo de
baterías; el control se realiza mediante un sistema de con-
(a)
(b)
trol separado basado en un PLC.
Cada soporte de módulos de baterías alimenta un banco de
gráfico 2. Un sistema de control del ESS: los (a) bancos
inversores de 2 × 125 kVA, como se muestra en el gráfico 2(a),
de inversores expertos de potencia de dos tiempos y (b) el
lo que hace que la salida de un único bloque formado por cua-
sistema de control basado en un PLC.
tro soportes equivalga a 1 MVA.
Por lo tanto, cinco bloques de
módulos de baterías que alimentan
Modelos y
Despacho económico
Evaluación económica
un total de 20 bancos de inversores
datos operativos
a nivel de sistema
de los activos
de 2 × 125 kVA dan como resultado
una salida del sistema de 5 MVA.
Los inversores proporcionan un
Plataforma de operación del sistema
funcionamiento completo de cua-
Minimizar el costo de operación
tro cuadrantes con capacidad para
del sistema
importar y exportar potencia real y
reactiva, lo que ofrece la oportuni-
Controlador del sitio/optimizador
dad de desplegar el ESS para diver-
de recursos locales
sos servicios auxiliares.
Maximizar el beneficio económico de los activos
ESS del SSPC
gráfico 3. Perspectivas del marco de control y coordinación del ESS.
80
ieee power & energy magazine
Sistema de control
desplegado en el sitio del
SSPC
El ESS está regido por un sistema
de control basado en un PLC, que
se ilustra en el gráfico 2(b). El
marzo/abril 2020
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - March/April 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - March/April 2020
Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - March/April 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - March/April 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - March/April 2020 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - March/April 2020 - 2
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - March/April 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - March/April 2020 - Cover4
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