IEEE Power & Energy - Spanish - May/June 2018 - 69
3) calcular la salida de potencia de los paneles FV según
el mecanismo de estos paneles (ángulo de inclinación
y ángulo de dirección), el modo de seguimiento (panel
fijo, seguimiento de un solo eje horizontal, seguimien-
to de un solo eje inclinado, seguimiento de eje doble),
la irradiación solar, el índice de claridad, el coeficien-
te de reflexión, el coeficiente de refracción y las carac-
terísticas de salida de los paneles FV.
dichos métodos de simulación facilitan un análisis inte-
gral de los parámetros de salida de la potencia eólica y FV,
como las horas de utilización anuales, la salida promedio, la
salida garantizada, la salida máxima, el factor de simulta-
neidad de salida y el efecto regulador. sirven además como
entradas para la simulación de funcionamiento de los sistemas
de potencia considerando la integración de energía renovable.
Ideas de "big data" para análisis de
estabilidad
el análisis de estabilidad de los sistemas de potencia es otra
área por la que se consideran las aplicaciones de análisis de
"big data". aunque el análisis de estabilidad es un tema muy
tradicional en el análisis de sistemas de potencia, la tecno-
logía de "big data" conlleva nuevos e innovadores conoci-
mientos y métodos de cálculo.
el análisis de estabilidad de los transitorios de los siste-
mas de potencia se basa en ecuaciones algebraicas diferen-
ciales (dae, por sus siglas en inglés), que pueden ser difí-
ciles de solucionar de forma analítica y producir resultados
que pueden ser difíciles de interpretar. los grandes sistemas
de potencia interconectados suman más dificultades al aná-
lisis de estabilidad debido a la alta dimensionalidad, las múl-
tiples escalas de tiempo, la fuerte ausencia de linealidad, los
parámetros variables en tiempo y los requisitos de cálculo
en tiempo real.
podemos obtener la trayectoria numérica posterior a las
perturbaciones de una gran red de potencia por simulaciones
cronológicas. la simulación se basa en los modelos dinámi-
cos de los sistemas de potencia basados en las dae que lle-
van a cabo las computadoras. matemáticamente, los grandes
modelos de dae se pueden analizar de manera numérica en
lugar de hacerlo de forma analítica, de manera que el cri-
terio de estabilidad/inestabilidad se basa en los índices de
Integración numérica
Sistema de potencia R n
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
-50
-100
t
-150
Trayectoria original en el espacio R n
Reducción de
la dimensión
Transformación
inversa
5
P
PE′ (δ′ )
Establecimiento de parámetros
P0
0
6
1
4
2
δ′0
π /2
t
δ′
3
Margen de estabilidad
Análisis teóricos
Trayectoria independiente
en espacios n × R 2
Razonamiento causal
gráfico 6. Flujo lógico de la estabilidad del sistema de potencia eléctrica en estudio.
mayo/junio 2018
ieee power & energy magazine
69
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy - Spanish - May/June 2018
Contenidos
IEEE Power & Energy - Spanish - May/June 2018 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy - Spanish - May/June 2018 - Cover2
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IEEE Power & Energy - Spanish - May/June 2018 - Cover3
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