Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - 109
Debido a que el UFD se abre
con corriente cero, los conDisyuntor
Disyuntor Fengning
Kangbao
tactos internos ocupan mede CC
de CC 1,500 MW
1,500 MW
nos espacio y su mecanismo
500 kV
de acción es ligero. El diseño
227 km
WF
CA
compacto se logra utilizando
un VI con una capacidad noDisyuntor
Disyuntor
de CC
de CC
minal de tensión de 40.5 kV
y una capacidad nominal de
66 km
126 km
corriente de 2 kA en lugar de
Disyuntor Beijing
Zhangbei Disyuntor
un CB SF6. El tiempo máxide CC 3,000 MW
3,000 MW de CC
mo de separación del disyun500 kV
219 km
tor debe ser dentro de los 2
CA
ms para cumplir con los reDisyuntor
Disyuntor
quisitos de tiempo de elimide CC
de CC
nación de fallas del proyecto
Zhoushan. Como resultado,
500 kV 1,000 kV
se adopta una conexión en seCA
CA
rie de seis VI, y cada VI está
equipado con dispositivos de
intercambio de tensión.
gráfico 10. Un diagrama de la red de HVdc de cuatro terminales en Zhangbei con CB
2) La rama principal interrumde CC. WF: parque eólico.
pe las corrientes de falla y
consta de cuatro unidades
del sistema de CA. La falta de un rápido aislamiento de la
modulares conectadas en serie. Cada unidad modular
falla y la imposibilidad de conmutar los circuitos generó
contiene 36 FBSM en una conexión en serie diseñada
varios problemas técnicos, lo cual indica una necesidad de
para una capacidad de corte de 50 kV y 15 kA. No
un sistema de seguridad mejorado, una mayor flexibilidad
es necesario un sistema de enfriamiento para la rama
operativa, una mayor confiabilidad y capacidades de restauprincipal porque solo experimenta la corriente de faración del sistema más rápidas.
lla durante varios milisegundos. La topología de los
En 2016, se instaló un CB híbrido de CC de 200 kV en
FBSM proporciona un camino bidireccional para la
la estación Dinghai en la línea Dinghai a Daishan, lo cual
corriente y permite que el CB híbrido interrumpa la
hizo que el sistema fuera más confiable y fácil de controlar
corriente de falla en cualquier dirección. Además, los
(gráfico 6). El gráfico 7 muestra la topología y una foto de
capacitores en el FBSM permiten un apagado suave de
un prototipo para un CB de HVdc de 200 kV. Las tres ramas
los IGBT, disminuyendo considerablemente el estrés
incluyen lo siguiente:
de tensión inducida y el equilibrado de la distribución
de tensión a lo largo de la unidad modular durante la
1) La rama auxiliar transporta la corriente nominal y
interrupción de la falla.
contiene una serie que combina un seccionador ultrarrápido (UFD, por sus siglas en inglés) con un in3) La rama del absorbente de energía está formada por
terruptor de conmutación auxiliar, el cual incluye un
protectores de tensión que limitan las tensiones de insubmódulo de puente completo (FBSM, por sus siterrupción transitorias (TIV, por sus siglas en inglés)
glas en inglés) que utiliza IGBT de alta potencia noy disipan la energía magnética almacenada en el sisminal. Los FBSM que aparecen en la rama auxiliar
tema.
y la rama principal adoptan la misma estructura de
El CB híbrido de HVdc instalado ofrece las siguientes
puente completo. Incluye cuatro IGBT "press-pack" ventajas:
y un circuito de amortiguación. La rama auxiliar
✔ una pequeña huella y una baja altura, consecuencia del
debería tener la menor cantidad de FBSM posible
diseño integrado y compacto (instalado en una platapara reducir la impedancia en el estado. Por lo tanforma de alto potencial de 200 kV)
to, se utiliza un diseño FBSM con una matriz de
✔ bajas pérdidas de energía durante el funcionamiento
2×3, con bajas pérdidas por conducción y una alta
normal, consecuencia del uso de menos dispositivos
confiabilidad. Para facilitar el mantenimiento, cada
semiconductores de energía en la rama principal (seis
FBSM usa una unidad modular integrada conectaFBSM forman una matriz de 2×3, sistema de refrigeda por una barra sin inductancia. Es necesario un
ración y adaptador de energía)
sistema de refrigeración con agua porque la rama
✔ uso de un sistema de contacto ligero (seis VI en serie;
auxiliar conduce la corriente de carga a largo plazo.
40.5 kV porque cada UFD se separa sin sufrir corriente)
mayo/junio 2019
ieee power & energy magazine
109
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019
Contents
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Cover1
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Cover2
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Contents
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - 2
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - 3
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - 4
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - 5
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Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - 144
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Cover3
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Cover4
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