Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - 119

estado estable. Para las hipótesis
de expansión que requieren un
control de flujo de potencia más
flexible, una VFT o ST se vuelve
más atractiva que una PST convencional. Los cables HTS pueden constituir un buen argumento
para aumentar la capacidad del
suministro de potencia en circuitos de red fundamentales o mejorar la resiliencia de la red de malla
sin aumentar las disponibilidades
ante cortocircuitos a niveles inaceptables (debido a la capacidad
inherente de bloqueo de fallas de
HTS). Las soluciones basadas en
VSC-HVdc son las opciones avanzadas más flexibles para abordar
múltiples problemas del sistema.
Tenga en cuenta que los estudios
detallados de planificación de
sistemas siempre son necesarios
para determinar las soluciones
de expansión optimizadas, que
podrían ser una combinación
de tecnologías convencionales y
avanzadas.

Modos de
funcionamiento
básicos de
VSC-HVdc para una
mejor flexibilidad
operativa de la red
urbana
El objetivo de control en condiciones normales del sistema es
mantener el flujo de energía programado y las tensiones deseadas
en terminales. El operador del
sistema normalmente determina
los puntos de ajuste del flujo de
energía y de la tensión de la terminal. En las operaciones del
mercado eléctrico, el operador del
sistema regional utiliza programas de asignación de unidades de
seguridad restringida (SCUC, por
sus siglas en inglés) y de despacho
económico de seguridad restringida en tiempo real (SCED, por
sus siglas en inglés) para optimizar los recursos de generación y
el suministro de energía de la red
sujeto a diversas restricciones de
mayo/junio 2019

Q

Q

P

P
Barra de
CA 1

P1
Q1

P2
Q2
Terminal 1

Barra de
CA 2

Terminal 2
Q

Q
P

+Udc1

P

+Udc2

Barra de
CA 1
Q2

Q1
Terminal 1

-Udc1

-Udc2

Barra de
CA 2

Terminal 2

gráfico 6. Los modos de funcionamiento básicos de VSC-HVdc mantienen el flujo de
energía programado y las tensiones de las terminales deseadas después de las órdenes
de despacho horarias o subhorarias del operador del sistema. La potencia real puede fluir
hacia cualquier dirección, y el soporte de tensión está disponible en ambas terminales.

Red eléctrica externa

Red eléctrica externa

Pac
Área
de carga A

Pac
Área de
carga B

Área de
carga A

Red eléctrica externa

Área
de carga A

Red eléctrica externa
X

Área
de carga B
Pdc
(c)

Área de
carga B

Pdc
(b)

Pdc
(a)

Pac

X

Pac

X

Área
de carga A

X
X

Área
de carga B

Pdc
(d)

Circuito de CA Pac: flujo de energía en circuito de CA
Perturbación
Pdc: flujo de energía en
VSC-HVdc
X Interrupción
Interconexión
interconexión de CC
de circuito

gráfico 7. El EPC de las interconexiones de VSC-HVdc habilitadas por las características de control rápido pueden proporcionar soporte oportuno de energía de emergencia entre áreas de carga adyacentes y mejorar la resiliencia de la red eléctrica urbana
contra perturbaciones grandes o extremas. (a) Condición normal: Pdc determinado por
las órdenes de energía del operador del sistema, (b) interrupciones de línea de CA: Pdc
aumentado por EPC para mitigar la tensión de las líneas de CA paralelas, (c) condición
de emergencia: inversión rápida de Pdc por parte del EPC para mantener un funcionamiento estable del área de carga B, y (d) red dividida: respuesta de frecuencia rápida
de interconexión de HVdc por EPC para estabilizar la frecuencia del área de carga B.
ieee power & energy magazine

119



Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019

Contents
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Cover1
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Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Cover3
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