Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - 29

Dado que el proceso de conversión implica el trabajo en una
línea de transmisión de CA existente en funcionamiento, se debe
centrar en soluciones que no impliquen interrupciones prolongadas
de la línea.

no estar permitido debido a los posibles efectos adversos en
el área circundante y en la infraestructura, como la corrosión en las tuberías cercanas. Esto anula el propósito inicial
de aumentar el rendimiento de los activos con un impacto
ambiental mínimo. Por esta razón, en general, las configuraciones monopolares no son adecuadas para las conversiones
de línea de transmisión de CA a CC.

Fase CA
a

Fase CA
b

CC + Polo

Fase CA
c

CC - Polo

Línea de CA de circuito único a HVdc monopolo
flotante

Otra alternativa es el llamado monopolo flotante, que se configuraría como se muestra en el gráfico 2. En este caso, cada
estación del convertidor consistiría en un solo puente, con un
punto a tierra en el centro del convertidor. En el caso de una
falla del conductor, el tercer circuito puede usarse para mantener el sistema en funcionamiento. Este no es, sin embargo,
el uso óptimo de todos los conductores disponibles. Además,
no hay redundancia en caso de pérdida de uno de los convertidores, a diferencia de una configuración bipolo.

gráfico 3. La conversión de una línea de circuito único de
CA en un HVdc bipolo.

Fase CA
a

Fase CA
b

Fase CA
c

CC - Polo

CC
+ polo
conductor 2

Línea de CA de circuito único a HVdc bipolo

Las configuraciones bipolo se pueden implementar desde
una línea de circuito único de diferentes maneras. Por ejemplo, se puede usar la disposición de conductores que se
muestra en el gráfico 2. Esta configuración tendrá la ventaja
adicional de permitir el funcionamiento monopolar en caso
de que se pierda uno de los polos. Sin embargo, la desventaja
de esta configuración sigue siendo que un haz de conductores está desaprovechado.
Por lo tanto, es necesario reorganizar los conductores
para usarlos de manera más efectiva con una configuración
bipolo. En la configuración que se muestra en el gráfico 3,
todos los conductores se usan de manera efectiva, pero lo
más probable es que se necesiten modificaciones estructurales o de conductores dado el cambio en el tamaño del haz.
Además, se requeriría que el retorno a tierra añadido tenga
la capacidad de operación desequilibrada. Alternativamente,
la capacidad de los cables de blindaje podría mejorarse para
soportar la corriente de tierra, pero este enfoque requeriría
modificaciones significativas a las torres de transmisión.
La opción que se muestra en el gráfico 4 consiste en que
una fase lleve el doble de corriente que las otras dos. Para
lograr esto, sería necesario agregar conductores o reconducir
esta fase. Esta configuración también puede requerir una ruta
de retorno para la corriente desequilibrada, ya sea a través de
la tierra o un cable de blindaje con capacidad mejorada. La
mayo/junio 2019

CC
+ polo
conductor 1

gráfico 4. Una segunda opción para convertir una línea
de CA de circuito único en un HVdc bipolo.

Fase CA
a

Fase CA
b

Fase CA
c

CC + Polo

CC ± Polo

CC - Polo

gráfico 5. La conversión de una línea de CA de circuito
único en un HVdc tripolo.
ieee power & energy magazine

29



Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019

Contents
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Cover1
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Cover2
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Contents
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - 2
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - 3
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Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Cover3
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2019 - Cover4
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