IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2020 - 85

Registradores
gráficos en papel

1950s

Magnetófonos de cartuchos
(cinta magnética)
Registradores
Magnetófonos de
de estado sólido
bobina abierta

1960s

1970s

El internet de
las cosas

Medidores eletrónicos
AMR/AMI

1980s

1990s

2000s

Después

figura 1. La evolución de las tecnologías de medición desde la década de 1950. AMR: lectura automática del medidor.

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8
.4
3-#1, 1#1, 1-#8

3-#250, 1#250, 1-#6

3-#350, 1#350, 1-#4

3-#1, 1#1, 1-#8

kV

3-#250, 1#250, 1-#3

.4

8

kV

T-SCV
500 kVA
.48-0.48 kV
4%
T-SCV-S

PANEL

CURRENT IN AMPERES X 100 AT 480 VOLTS
1000

.8

1

2

3

4

5 6 7 8 9 10

2

3

4

5 6 7 8 9 100

2

3

4

5 6 7 8 9 1000

Bus kV

Sym
Amps

X/R
Ratio

Mult
Factor

Asym
Amps

Equi Type

M-1

0.480

19480.3

3.69

1.19

23188.3

LVPCB

MCC-1

0.480

20032.6

3.55

1.18

23640.9

LVPCB

MCC-2

0.480

19779.7

3.43

1.17

23181.0

LVPCB

PNL-1

0.480

8882.5

3.73

1.19

10597.4

LVPCB

PNL-2

0.208

5961.4

2.11

1.07

6377.3

LVPCB

SWG-4

0.480

24127.6

6.18

1.33

31990.4

LVPCB

Boundary
Incident Energy coverall
Flash Hazard inches - Arc Flash4' - 0"or arc rated
Flash Hazard Boundary
2
18
Duty Amps 4' - 0"
pants
cal/cm at
arc rated 6.0
cal/cm2 at 18 inches
shirt and
6.0
- Arc Flash Incident
Arc-rated
Energy
19480.3
cover is removed
Hazard when
0.48
kV Shock
kV Shock Hazard
20032.6
0.48
when cover is removed
3' - 6"
Limited Approach
Limited Approach
Approach
3' - 6"
1' - 0"
Restricted
Restricted Approach
19779.7
1' - 0"
(Fed By: 27B) ONLY
Equipment Name:
t Name: MCC-23A CONFIGURATION
8882.5
SWG-4 (Fed By:
Equipmen
SYSTEM
VALID FOR NORMAL
18A)
NORMAL
SYSTEM CONFIGURATIO
VALID FOR
5961.4
N ONLY

24127.6

0.15

2

18.71
17.58
M-1

200

100
80
60
50

6
5
4

BL-5
C-H HFD
225/150

3
2

1

1

.8

.8

BL-3

.6
.5

.6
.5

MVT-9
GE MVT
MV
T-9
Sensor = 800

.4

Plug = 800
Cur
C
ur Set = 0.5
0 (400A)
LT Band = 1
IInst
nst = 4 (3200A)

.3
.2

BL-5
C
uttler H
am
m
Cutler
Hammer
Series C
HF
HFD
Frame
(150AT)
F
rame = 225A (150A
Trip = 150

.03

.4

BL-1
18627A

.3

C-6
1 - 400 kcmil CU

TX-2
1000 / 1288 kVA
INRUSH

.1
.08
.06
.05

.8

1

2

3

4

5 6 7 8 9 10

2

3

4

5 6 7 8 9 100

2

3

4

Automated
Protective
Device
Coordination

.08
.06
.05
.04
.03
.02

BL-5
20574A
.5 .6

.2

.1

BL-3
29249A

.02

.01

300

40
30
20

10
8

.48

6
5
4
3

.04

Short Circuit
Calculations

1.90

BL-1

GE MVT
MV
T-Plus
MVT-Plus
Sensor = 1600
Plug = 1600
1.1 (1760A)
Cur Set = 1
LT
T Band = 1
STPU
2.5
S
TPU = 2
.5 (4400A)
ST
S
T Delay
Dela
elay
y = Int
ST
S
T Delayy I²t
I² = Out
Override
O
verride = 50000A

8

BL-3
GE AKR-30H
800/400

19

Equipment Duties

400

24

SWG-4

20

10

BL-1
GE AKR-50
1600/1760

.13

TX-2
-2
1000 / 1288 kVA
6%

40
30

Total Fault Fault

5 6 7 8 9 10000
1000

TX-2

1 / 1.288 MVA
13.8 - 0.48 kV
6%

200

80

3 PHASE Fault

4

600
500

300

60
50

d
Risk Hazar
and Shock
Arc Flash and Shock
Arc Flash priate PPE Required
Appro
Appropriate PPE Risk Hazard
Required

3

800

400

100

Vpu = 1.00

2

TX-2
FLA

600
500

EasyPower 10.4.0.198 10/11/2018 10:00:07 AM C:\...\Protection-1..dez
EasyPower LLC
Comments:

Bus Name

.5 .6

800

TIME IN SECONDS

Analysis and
Auto-Design
LV Momentary Report

TIME IN SECONDS

de 1930 como una forma de compren-
der mejor a los clientes de electricidad
y su contribución a una base cada vez
mayor y un crecimiento sin prece-
dentes. Curiosamente, la Asociación
de Compañías de Alumbrado Edison
(AEIC, por sus siglas en inglés) cuenta
con un Comité Especial de Estudios de
Carga que se remonta a 1938. La tabla
1 enumera los miembros de este comité
desde 1938 hasta 1943. El Comité de In-
vestigación de Carga de la AEIC se es-
tableció en octubre de 1943 y celebró su
primera reunión organizativa en 1944.
Poco después, las empresas de servicios
públicos asociadas comenzaron a reali-
zar estudios de carga para desarrollar
una mejor comprensión de los princi-
pales dispositivos que utilizan energía,
equipos de calefacción y refrigeración,
y procesos comerciales e industriales.
Después de la Segunda Guerra
Mundial, la industria de empresas de
servicios públicos eléctricos en los Es-
tados Unidos experimentó un periodo
prolongado de rápido crecimiento, y
se necesitaron construir nuevas insta-
laciones. Los pronósticos de demanda
proyectaban que la alta tasa de creci-
miento continuaría en el futuro próxi-
mo. Sin embargo, la expansión de los
EE. UU. se ralentizó en la década de
1970, lo que provocó que la industria de
empresas de servicios públicos realiza-
ra previsiones excesivas de la necesidad
de capacidad. En 1978, la Ley sobre
Políticas Normativas para Empresas de
Servicios Públicos (PURPA, por sus si-
glas en inglés) estableció requerimien-
tos para que la empresas de servicios
públicos recopilen datos de investiga-
ción de carga, tales como curvas dia-
rias de demanda de carga en kilovatios
(kW), para grandes clases de tarifas de
servicios públicos que representaron al

5 6 7 8 9 1000

2

3

4

.01
5 6 7 8 9 10000

CURRENT IN AMPERES X 100 AT 480 VOLTS

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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2020

Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2020 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2020 - 2
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - May/June 2020 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_sp_0708_2022
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