Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - 70

Base de datos de la
medición inteligente

gráfico 2. La arquitectura propuesta de energía flexible genérica de código abierto. La plataforma de integración de software ejecuta aplicaciones para una multitud
de prosumidores, que pueden incluir muchas puertas de enlace domésticas y FED. GRT: gestor de red de distribución; BRP: sujeto de liquidación responsable del balance; SSA: servicio de suministro del agregador.

FED
Lógica
comercial

Previsiones
de carga de la red

Servicios de
energía inteligente
GRD
Previsiones
de carga de la
red
Lógica
comercial

GRT
ieee power & energy magazine

Medidor inteligente

Servicio de monitoreo
y recopilación de datos

Confort/
lógica
comercial

Lógica
comercial
Interfaces de
coordinación del
mercado

Agregador

SSA

Prosumidor
Protocolo de comunicación estandarizado
Adaptador de protocolo
Puerta de enlace doméstica
Co
e impulsor del dispositivo

Plataforma de integración de software

Servicios
de facturación
Lógica
comercial

BRP
70

en forma de árbol de agentes distribuidos para igualar
la oferta y la demanda dentro de la zona o área contro-
lada, como se muestra en el gráfico 1.
El ciclo comienza desde las hojas del árbol, es
decir, el agente local del dispositivo, con el objetivo de
operar el aparato en el hogar de una manera óptima,
desde el punto de vista económico, en nombre de su
propietario. Cada agente de dispositivo coordina de
forma eficaz sus transacciones (compra o venta de
electricidad) con todos los demás agentes en el sec-
tor local a través de un mercado informatizado. Para
hacerlo, el agente del dispositivo comunica su oferta
directamente al subastador o indirectamente a través
de un agente concentrador. La oferta de un agente de
dispositivos expresa la cantidad de flexibilidad que,
de forma voluntaria, está disponible para uso externo.
Un agente concentrador puede representar un hogar
como una subred de agentes de dispositivos locales,
pero también puede estar asociado con un compo-
nente del sistema de distribución. En el último caso,
un GRD, por ejemplo, puede llevar a cabo activa-
mente la gestión de congestión. El agente subastador
es responsable del procedimiento de conformación
de precios. El subastador combina todas las ofertas
en una sola oferta, establece el precio de equilibrio
del mercado y comunica esta señal de precio a los
agentes del dispositivo.
Posteriormente, los agentes del dispositivo ajustan
el consumo real y la generación a la nueva señal de
precio alterando su funcionamiento de acuerdo con
el precio de mercado futuro comunicado. Para pro-
porcionar a cada agente o red de agentes un punto de
referencia operativo, se agrega un objetivo al subasta-
dor. Si el PowerMatcher se usa como una planta vir-
tual de generación, el objetivo adopta la forma de un
programa de punto de ajuste provisto externamente.
El concepto de PowerMatcher depende del
algoritmo CoTREE, un enfoque jerárquico para com-
putar el precio de equilibrio. En cada nivel del árbol,
se construye una función de precio agregado, por lo
que, cuando el número de agentes del dispositivo se
duplica, solo se necesita un paso adicional de proce-
samiento del concentrador para encontrar el precio de
equilibrio, lo que mejora la escalabilidad y flexibili-
dad del sistema.
Para que todo dispositivo o aparato participe en un
sector local, su agente de dispositivo asociado debe
comunicar su curva de oferta momentánea directa o
indirectamente a través de un concentrador al subas-
tador. Los agentes se comunican como si fuera un
evento, lo que significa que, siempre que haya un
cambio lo suficientemente significativo en el estado
del sistema, se comunicará una actualización de la
oferta. Lo mismo ocurre con los concentradores. Del
mismo modo, el subastador comunicará un nuevo
septiembre/octubre 2019



Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019

Contents
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - Cover1
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - Cover2
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - Contents
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - 2
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - 3
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Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - Cover3
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - Cover4
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