IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2022 - 65
eficiencia pasiva, el cultivo de frutas y hortalizas con poca
labranza y la eliminación del trabajo agotador de la agricultura,
así como la recogida de leña y agua.
Las partes 2, 3 y 4 se basan en un formato de entrevista,
en el que los empresarios de la IEEE Smart Village responden
a una serie de preguntas que plantea el presidente de la IEEE
Smart Village, John Nelson. Los esfuerzos de los empresarios
que aparecen en los siguientes artículos contribuyen a construir
la estructura del enfoque del sistema de sistemas multidominio.
Un enfoque de sistema de sistemas
Los métodos del sistema de sistemas son una rama de la
ingeniería de sistemas que aborda problemas extensos y
complejos que comprenden múltiples dominios, inmensas
geografías, consecuencias de alto riesgo, múltiples disciplinas,
múltiples actores y, a veces, objetivos ambiguos y conflictivos,
todo ello con recursos limitados. La gestión de los
sistemas de minirredes y macrorredes en todo el continente
de África es un problema importante que afecta a un solo
ámbito. La financiación, la construcción y el funcionamiento
de los sistemas de carreteras, oleoductos, telecomunicación,
ferrocarril, transporte marítimo, agua, gas, alcantarillado,
vivienda y electricidad en toda África son problemas enormes
que abarcan múltiples ámbitos.
El enfoque del sistema de sistemas tiene las siguientes
ventajas:
1) Al utilizar métodos de modelado orientados a objetos,
los diseñadores crean un lenguaje común para definir
el problema.
2) A partir de este lenguaje común, podemos desarrollar
marcos de referencia, procesos de pensamiento, análisis
cuantitativos, herramientas y métodos de diseño.
3) Al construir modelos informáticos y gemelos digitales
(es decir, modelos de simulación), se puede aprender
de los errores cometidos en las
simulaciones antes de entrar en
el mundo real.
4) Los errores cometidos en las simulaciones
no son costosos de
reparar. No dañan los equipos
ni provocan la pérdida de vidas
o miembros.
Los ODS de las Naciones
Unidas
Con frecuencia, una de las tareas
más complicadas que hay que realizar
al principio de la formulación de
un problema de sistema de sistemas
es definir los objetivos de lo que tienen
que lograr los distintos sistemas a
nivel individual y en su conjunto. Los
17 ODS de las Naciones Unidas son
objetivos de alto nivel que se muestran
en la figura 1.
Índice de pobreza
multidimensional
El enfoque del sistema de sistemas
debe tener una única función objetivo
que sea medible y significativa a
escala de pueblo, de estado, de país, de
continente y de mundo. El índice de
pobreza multidimensional (IPM) global,
que se muestra a grandes rasgos
en la tabla 1 y a un nivel más detallado
en la tabla 2, es la solución perfecta
respecto a la función objetivo en la
misión del enfoque del sistema de sistemas
para aliviar la pobreza global.
El IPM es una medida aceptada a nivel
internacional de la pobreza multidiseptiembre/octubre
2022
ieee power & energy magazine
65
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2022
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2022
Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2022 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2022 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2022 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2022 - 2
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2022 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2022 - Cover4
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