IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020 - 115
figura 2. Diagrama que ilustra el esquema general de la distribución de potencia de la Compañía Eléctrica de las Catara-
tas del Niágara. (Fuente: The Niagara Falls Electrical Handbook, 1904).
problemas no se anticiparon debido a
la naturaleza innovadora de la obra. No
había red. No había " sistemas " . Había
un alternador y había algunos clientes.
Aplicaron lo que los británicos llaman
el método " suck-it-and-see " (probar
para saber qué es). A
menudo, era lo primero.
A partir de las barras de la central eléctrica de 2,200 V, el
sistema se dividió en
tres clases distintas de
servicio: distribución
local, distribución intermedia y transmisión a larga distancia
(véase la figura 2). La
distribución local se
alimentó directamente
del nodo de la central
de 2,200 V, dos fases
y 25 Hz. Nótese que en la figura 2,
no se muestran fusibles o disyuntores.
En 1896, los dispositivos de protección
de las líneas de transmisión brillaban
por su ausencia. No se conocía ningún
método por el cual se pudiera abrir un
cortocircuito en una línea de transmi-
sión de la capacidad de la de las cataratas del Niágara sin causar daños al
disyuntor. Se probaron fusibles en la
Central Eléctrica de Adams, pero el
servicio de interrupción fue demasiado
grave. Fueron eliminados porque explotaron al liberar una
falla y causaron más
problemas de los que
pudieron evitar. La solución fue desconectar
el campo del alternador,
cerrando toda la sección
del nodo. No obstante,
esto no resultaría ser
una solución a largo
plazo.
Habiéndose
acostumbrado a tratar con
el nivel relativamente
pequeño de cortocircuitos en los sistemas
de CC Edison, nadie había previsto la
magnitud de las fallas posibles en los
sistemas de CA. Se utilizaron interruptores de aislamiento para conectar los
generadores al nodo, pero estos nunca tuvieron la intención de interrumpir ningún nivel de -corriente de falla.
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020 - 1
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020 - Cover4
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