IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020 - 30
450
216 V (nominal -6 %)
V99% ≤253 V
V01 %
V50 % (mediana)
V99 %
400
350
80
87.7 % de
V50 % ≤244 V
70
300
60
250
50
200
40
150
30
4.4 % de
V01 % ≤216 V
100
20
260
258
256
254
252
250
248
246
244
242
240
238
236
234
232
230
228
226
224
0
222
0
220
10
216
50
218
Número de sitios
100
253 V (nominal +
+10 %)
90
98 % de
230 V (nominal)
Porcentaje acumulativo de sitios
500
Tensión
figura 7. Mediciones de tensión para el monitorio de baja tensión de las redes de Energex durante la semana pico de
verano en febrero de 2020. Los datos son de ~4,000 monitores de baja tensión (de aproximadamente 150,000 redes de
baja tensión en Queensland). Para más detalles, consulte " Informe de planificación anual de distribución " en la sección
" Lecturas Complementarias " .
30
ieee power & energy magazine
3
225
2
210
1
195
0
180
p.
30
p.
4:
m
.
3:
00
p.
30
1:
12
:
00
p.
m
.
a.
m
a.
30
10
:
m
00
9:
Tensión (T)
240
m
.
4
m
.
255
m
.
5
.
270
.
Potencia promedio (kW)
6
a.
Para cumplir con el Estándar AS61000.3.100-2011 de
Australia, el percentil 99 de tensión (V99 %) en el punto
de conexión de un cliente no debe ser mayor a 253 V, y
el primer percentil de tensión (V1 %) no debe ser menor
a 216 V. Los datos de aproximadamente 25,000 monitores
de todo Queensland muestran que la distribución del V1 %
medida en los transformadores de distribución parece bastante alta en comparación con el límite inferior de 216 V.
Se requiere este margen para que permitir que la tensión
disminuya para los clientes al final de la red de baja tensión.
Los datos de tensión de una cantidad significativamente
menor de unos 4,000 monitores de baja tensión, normalmente instalados cerca del final de los circuitos de baja tensión
(figura 6), demuestran un V1 % mucho más bajo para los
clientes que se encuentran distantes del transformador de
distribución. Es probable que la distribución de tensión promedio de un cliente en Queensland se encuentre en un rango
más estrecho que el que se muestra en la figura 6, que ilustra
los puntos al final de la red de baja tensión. Dada la visibilidad limitada de la red de baja tensión, las muestras de
30
Condiciones de tensión existentes
las figuras 6 y 7 no representan condiciones de tensión que
abarquen toda la población.
Los clientes ubicados al final de los circuitos de baja tensión están expuestos solo a las tensiones más bajas pocos
días al año, cuando ocurren cargas máximas. Los DNSP
7:
aire acondicionado y continúa la adopción de energía FVD.
El efecto neto es un rango más amplio de las condiciones de
la tensión que pueden cambiar rápidamente durante periodos relativamente cortos en un solo alimentador de la red.
Aunque la visibilidad en el sistema de baja tensión generalmente sigue siendo limitada, se realiza algún monitoreo y
están surgiendo nuevas técnicas para la visualización y el
análisis de datos.
Generación FV
Autoconsumo perdido
Exportación perdida
Carga particular
Tensión (en el panel de medición)
figura 8. Un ejemplo de restricción FV y la pérdida de
autoconsumo en un solo sitio en Australia Meridional el
5 de marzo de 2017.
noviembre/diciembre 2020
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020 - Cover1
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - November/December 2020 - Cover3
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