Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - v
CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE
v
Preface
O
ur panel attempted to develop guidelines that would meet the needs of a person with recent onset spinal cord injury who is in respiratory distress. This document represents the best recommendations that we could provide given the availability of scientific evidence. As chairman of the panel writing these guidelines, my goal was to gather and disseminate the best available knowledge and information about managing the respiratory needs of patients with ventilation problems. I know from many years of personal experience that the acute respiratory management of persons with spinal cord injuries is highly variable, and there is a great need for development of scientifically based standards of care. Unfortunately, our review of the available literature demonstrated that there are not widely accepted guidelines for some aspects of respiratory management because appropriate research studies have not been published for some of the topics that needed coverage. Because the scientific basis of many of our recommendations is not clearly established, wherever necessary, we developed consensus-based recommendations. Many questions still need to be answered. What is the appropriate way to ventilate a person who has partial or complete paralysis of the muscles of respiration? What are the criteria for weaning from the ventilator? How much work does ventilation require? How can patients who have impaired ventilation put forth the additional effort required for other activities without becoming exhausted? Again, from my personal experience, many patients are suffering because of lack of answers that would allow widespread agreement on these management issues. From the earliest days of the Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine, we have known that scientific evidence was not always available to definitively settle all the issues that could be raised on a topic. So we include an analysis of needs for future research studies. The members of our excellent panel hope that future studies will clarify the problems and define solutions. Despite shortcomings pointed out during the review process, this document may help medical providers become more attentive to the needs of such patients. I extend heart-felt gratitude to my colleagues on the panel for their faithful work and to the reviewers for their valuable input! I also want to extend my great appreciation to the Paralyzed Veterans of America for making this effort possible. It was my great pleasure to work with all of you! Kenneth C. Parsons, MD Chair, Steering Committee Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Panel Members
Contributors
Summary of Recommendations
The Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine
Recommendations
Recommendations for Future Research
Appendix A: Respiratory Care Protocol
Appendix B: Protocol for Ventilator-Dependent Quadriplegic Patients
Appendix C: Wean Protocol for Ventilator-Dependent Quadriplegic Patients
Appendix D: Wean Discontinuation Protocol
Appendix E: Cuff Deflation Protocol for Ventilator-Dependent Quadriplegic Patients
Appendix F: Cuff Deflation Discontinuation Protocol
Appendix G: High Cuff Pressures Protocol
Appendix H: Post-Tracheoplasty/Post-Extubation Protocol
Appendix I: Criteria for Decannulation of Trach Patients
Appendix J: Evaluation of High Peak Pressure on Mechanically Ventilated Patients
References
Index
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Cover2
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - ii
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Contents
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - iv
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Preface
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Acknowledgments
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Panel Members
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Contributors
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - ix
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Summary of Recommendations
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 2
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 3
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 4
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - The Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 6
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 7
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Recommendations
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 9
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 10
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 11
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 12
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 13
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 14
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 15
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 16
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 17
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 18
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 19
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 20
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 21
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Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 25
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 26
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 27
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 28
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 29
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Recommendations for Future Research
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Appendix A: Respiratory Care Protocol
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 32
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 33
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Appendix B: Protocol for Ventilator-Dependent Quadriplegic Patients
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 35
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Appendix C: Wean Protocol for Ventilator-Dependent Quadriplegic Patients
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Appendix D: Wean Discontinuation Protocol
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Appendix E: Cuff Deflation Protocol for Ventilator-Dependent Quadriplegic Patients
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 39
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Appendix F: Cuff Deflation Discontinuation Protocol
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Appendix G: High Cuff Pressures Protocol
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Appendix H: Post-Tracheoplasty/Post-Extubation Protocol
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Appendix I: Criteria for Decannulation of Trach Patients
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Appendix J: Evaluation of High Peak Pressure on Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - References
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 46
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 47
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - 48
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Index
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Cover3
Respiratory Management Following Spinal Cord Injury - Cover4
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