SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 23
a) Printed Inconel Coins at different
power and speed
b) Coin Thermal map
c) Observed Splatter
Figure 8. 3DViz Visualization of printed Coins from Thermal IR Camera data.
process layer, the data can be analyzed for residual
stress warping and the build can be modified to
mitigate those defects or simply stopped.
ThermaViz melt pool cameras
Integrated coaxially with the melt laser. This allows
melt pool data to be collected at any point on the
build. Unlike traditional IR cameras which produce
relative temperature data dependent upon precise
calibration, the ThermaViz camera produces true
temperature data, allowing accurate melt pool
geometries to be measured quickly. However, as
with all thermal data, the amount of data collected
can be prohibitive to analyze in a timely enough
manner to be valuable during the build. However,
to augment the melt pool monitor, a ThermaViz
Global Heat Flow sensor, a ThermaViz Spectrometer,
and a High-Definition CMOS camera can also be
integrated to monitor the build area. Visualization
of processed data by 3DViz to detect and process
(i) surface roughness from a profilometer and (ii)
thermal heat affected zone (HAZ) from an active
infrared camera can be validated with something
as simple as fabrication of ten Inconel-718 coins
(Figure 8a) with different power and speed settings.
Profilometer data was used to recognize super
elevation line, roughness, and optimal power and
speed settings to minimize roughness. Data from
IR Active CMOS thermal camera was utilized to
recognize surges in temperature within the coin
(super-heated regions) and rising temperatures
beyond the perimeter of the coins (Figure 8b and
c).
Photodiode Sensors
A photodiode is a semiconductor device that
converts light into an electrical current. The
current is generated when photons are absorbed
in the photodiode. Photodiodes may contain
optical filters, built-in lenses, and may have
w w w. s a m p e . o r g
large or small surface areas. Photodiodes usually
have a slower response time as their surface area
increases. Temperatures in the approximate range
of 1000-4000 K are generally captured at 100 kHz
with a resolution of 20 μm. Using the optical layout
of the machine and the modified beam path to
allow coaxial imaging of the melt pool. A dichroic
beam splitter is placed in the laser beam path
before the scan head. This allows the light at the
Metallic or Composite Design
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N OV E M B E R / D E C E M B E R 2 0 1 9
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SAMPE JOURNAL
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23
http://www.sampe.org
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019
Table of contents
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - Cover1
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - Cover2
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - Table of contents
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 2
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 3
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 4
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 5
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 6
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 7
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 8
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 9
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 10
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 11
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 12
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 13
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 14
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 15
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 16
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 17
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 18
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 19
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 20
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 21
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 22
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 23
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SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 25
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 26
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 27
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 28
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 29
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 30
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 31
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SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 33
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 34
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 35
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 36
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SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - Cover3
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - Cover4
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