SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 30
FEATURE / ADDITIVE MANUFACTURED TOOLSET PARTS
Figure 18. Diffusional Creep grain and grain
boundary model and stress bi and tri-axiality.
Creep intergranular damage and multisite crack evolution model
At high temperatures, metals exhibit creep, which will lead to rupture. High
values of triaxial tension can be calculated on detail grain and grain boundary
models (Figure 18) that can trigger void nucleation and growth leading to
reduced creep ductility, creep-brittle behavior and surface roughness. Using
the elastic/plastic/creep modeling in the FEA allows the model to predict creep
cracking based upon the multiaxial failure strain levels. At high temperatures
metals exhibit rate dependent (creep) deformation under constant load. Unless
another failure mechanism intervenes, creep deformation will eventually
lead to rupture, which is generally associated with the coalescence of voids
along grain boundaries. An expression for multiaxial creep ductility based on
a mechanism of grain boundary cavitation for a power law creep material is
given by the Cocks and Ashby model
RESULTS and DISCUSSIONS
Photodiode Sensor - Melt pool and plasma sensing by RenAM LPBF
Figure 19 shows the path coverage software visualization of Photodiode Sensor
data from Renishaw's LaserVIEW and MeltVIEW hardware. These sensors
provide feedback on energy input and emissions from the AM build process
The MeltVIEW system monitors melt pool emissions across a wide spectral
range. This system contains two beam path sensors: melt pool (Figure 19d) at
infra-red band, and plasma (Figure 19e) at visible band. The LaserView system
measures the input of the laser (Figure 19c, f ) in RenAM systems with an IR
photodiode. Figures 19a, b show the dwell time of laser at each spot.
High power is applied along the part boundary (red color in Figure 19c),
while long duration dwell time (red color in Figure 19a, and blue spots at Figure
19b) is selected for the sharp concave turns. A 3D view of those high duration
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SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019
Table of contents
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - Cover1
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - Cover2
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - Table of contents
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 2
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 3
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 4
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 5
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 6
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 7
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 8
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 9
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 10
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 11
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SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 14
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 15
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 16
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 17
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 18
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 19
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 20
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SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 29
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 30
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - 31
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SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - Cover3
SAMPE Journal - November/December 2019 - Cover4
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