SAMPE Journal - March/April 2024 - 36
FEATURE / THERMAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS MATERIALS
temperatures, convective heat flux coefficient
(ρuCh
) from PICA experiments on OTB, and heat
flux approximated as 30% radiative as shown in
Figure 32[42]
. Additional work of CFD flow field
calculations is in progress.
The first code utilized is Aerothermal Chemical
Equilibrium (ACE) code[34,35]. ACE will produce B'
tables, which contain the pyrolysis gas rate and the
mass loss or char rate.
Using these data as inputs, materials response
modeling is conducted using the One-Dimensional
Fully
Figure 27. Cross-section of CF/UHTR OTB samples: (a) before OTB test; (b) AP=30 (kJ/
cm2
); (c) AP=60 (kJ/cm2
); and (d) AP=90 (kJ/cm2
as the product of heat flux X exposure time.
)[1]
. AP (ablation parameter) is defined
Implicit Ablation and Thermal Analysis
Program (1dFIAT), developed by NASA Ames[37]
.
The one-dimensionality of this code enables
modeling to be conducted easily and with a
fast rate of turnover. The 1dFIAT code requires
inputs, such as material thickness, initial and
environmental temperature, recovery enthalpy,
pressure, and convective heat transfer coefficient.
The code will then output predictions of front
and back face temperatures, as well as recession.
Figure 33 illustrates the division of tasks among the
various codes as well as their respective inputs and
outputs. Numerical calculations are to compare
with OTB experimental results for MR modeling
validation.
Some MR modeling using 1dFIAT and OTB data
Figure 28. Virgin MXB-360 (glass/phenolic) (left) and char MXB-360 (right).
of PICA are in progress. Figure 34 shows the OTB
experimental values of PICA at 250, 500, and 750 W/
cm2
exposed to 60s[42]
. Figure 35 shows a machine
learning 1dFIAT model calculating temperature vs.
time calculations for the three heat fluxes: 250, 500,
and 750 W/cm2
research of MX-4926N and CF/UHTR is in progress.
test cases. Additional MR modeling
Figure 29. 3D micro-CT images of high-density quartz felt (left) and char quartz/UHTR
ablator (right).
Figure 30. The above 3D images show PuMA's calculations for x-, y-, and z- applied heat in virgin and char states of
VDG Graphite/UHTR ablator.
36 | SAMPE JOURNAL | MARCH APRIL 2024
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2024
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAMPE Journal - March/April 2024
Contents
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2024 - Cover1
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2024 - Cover2
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2024 - Contents
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2024 - 2
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2024 - 4
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