Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 341

INTRODUCTION
Agroterrorism has been defined as the intentional introduction of animal or plant pathogens; the intentional biological or chemical contamination of farm water supplies; the intentional adulteration of food or feed in the process from the farm to the table; the intentional misuse of a product meant for agricultural use such as pesticides, fertilizers, etc. for destructive purposes; and the intentional misuse of food and agricultural technology for illicit purposes (7). The potential for terrorist attacks against agriculture and food systems has been recognized as a national security threat not only in the United States but in other nations as well. Results of such an attack could lead to economic crises, loss of confidence in a government’s ability to protect its citizens and loss of lives (5). Food, agriculture and agribusinesses are an important part of Georgia’s critical infrastructure. Georgia provides a substantial portion of the nation’s food supply and the corresponding gross domestic product. It is the top United States producer of poultry meat and eggs, in addition to several crop commodities (1). Emergency Support Function (EFS) 11 of the U.S. National Response Framework includes measures related to controlling and eradicating highly contagious or economically devastating animal/zoonotic diseases or outbreaks of economically devastating plant pests and diseases (2). The Georgia Emergency Operations Plan is a comprehensive plan to ensure mitigation and preparedness, appropriate response, and timely recovery from man-made, as well as natural disasters that may affect the residents of Georgia (4). Under this plan, the Georgia Dept. of Agriculture, the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences and the Georgia Emergency Management Agency have collaborated to make efficient use of human and financial resources in improving capabilities to respond to an attack on the state’s agricultural sector. This agrosecurity awareness curriculum development and training project was designed to increase awareness of, and ability to recognize, threats and vulnerabilities, to help manage these risks and

to improve the reporting and diagnosing of suspected bioterrorism events, thus enhancing the preparedness of Georgia to face disasters, both natural and manmade. The specific objectives of this project were to develop a state-specific curriculum that could be used by State Extension Specialists and County Extension Agents to: 	 •	 increase	 awareness	 of	 the	 economic impact of agriculture and food-related industries on the economy of the State of Georgia; increase	awareness	of	potential events, both intentional and unintentional, that can have a devastating impact on agricultural and food-related income; increase	awareness	of	the	appropriate actions to take in the event of an emergency; increase	 awareness	 of	 the	 importance of the National Incident Command System (3) in dealing with agricultural and food emergencies; and increase	awareness	of	the	need for developing local systems and response teams for dealing with agricultural and food emergencies.

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A second objective was to implement the agrosecurity awareness curriculum with first responders to agricultural and food emergencies and to evaluate its effectiveness in increasing the awareness levels of these responders about these types of emergencies.

	

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METHODS
Protecting Georgia’s Agriculture and Food, an agrosecurity textbook developed by Brown, Choueke, and Myers, (1) was used as the basis for curriculum development. The curriculum includes a CD-ROM with PowerPoint® slides for eight modules developed by content specialists and revised by outreach specialists into a format suitable for delivery to responders to food and agricultural emergencies. The topics included in the curriculum were an overall introduction to agrosecurity topics as outlined by Shutske (6). Modules included the following topics:

	

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Introduction	 to	 agrosecurity (the need for agrosecurity awareness training Economic,	Social	and	Environmental Impacts of Agroterrorism (economic data related to specific agricultural and food sectors within the state and the social, environmental and economic impacts of emergencies or disasters in those sectors) Animal	Agriculture	and	Pathogens (recognizing signs of foreign animal diseases, using BUDDIES – an acronym for blisters, unusual ticks or maggots, deaths/downers, diarrhea, illnesses or abortions in high numbers, eating abnormality/ will not eat, staggering/strange neurological signs, including spasms) Plant	 Agriculture	 and	 Pathogens (recognizing symptoms of plant diseases, using the five D’s – discolored, deformed, defoliated, dying, deficient) Food	 Industry	 in	 Georgia/ Risks and Threats (introduction to potential risks and vulnerabilities in food industries in Georgia) Agriculture	 and Food Emergency Management System (identification of appropriate responses to potential emergencies, including RAIN – recognize, avoid, isolate and notify) Chain	 of	 Events	 in	 an	 Emergency and Responsibilities in a Disaster (who to contact within the state of Georgia to report possible adverse situations and what to do until help arrives); and 	Summary	 and	 Next	 Steps	 (a	 summary of potential risks and possible actions to minimize adverse outcomes, steps needed in communities to become more adequately prepared to respond to emergencies, etc.)

All content modules were reviewed by Georgia Dept. of Agriculture and Georgia Emergency Management Agency personnel to ensure accuracy in such topics as identification of disease signs

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Food Protection Trends - June 2010

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Food Protection Trends - June 2010

Food Protection Trends - June 2010
Contents
Sustaining Members
Vickie’s View from Your President
Commentary from the Executive Director
How Effective is Sponge Sampling for Removing Bacteria from Beef Carcasses?
Agrosecurity Awareness Curriculum Design, Delivery and Evaluation with First Responders to Agricultural and Food Emergencies
IAFP Gold Sustaining Member Profiles
New Members
What’s Happening in Food Safety
Industry Products
Ivan Parkin Lecture
John H. Silliker Lecture
Preliminary Program
Activities
General Information
Workshops
Registration Rates
Coming Events
Advertising Index
Journal of Food Protection Table of Contents
Booklet Order Form
Membership Application
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Food Protection Trends - June 2010
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Cover2
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 321
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Contents
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 323
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 324
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 325
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 326
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 327
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 328
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Sustaining Members
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 330
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 331
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Vickie’s View from Your President
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 333
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Commentary from the Executive Director
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 335
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - How Effective is Sponge Sampling for Removing Bacteria from Beef Carcasses?
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 337
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 338
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 339
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Agrosecurity Awareness Curriculum Design, Delivery and Evaluation with First Responders to Agricultural and Food Emergencies
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 341
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 342
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 343
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 344
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 345
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - IAFP Gold Sustaining Member Profiles
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 347
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 348
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 349
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 350
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 351
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 352
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 353
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 354
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 355
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 356
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 357
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 358
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 359
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 360
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 361
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 362
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - New Members
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 364
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 365
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - What’s Happening in Food Safety
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 367
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 368
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 369
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Industry Products
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 371
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 372
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 373
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Ivan Parkin Lecture
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - John H. Silliker Lecture
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 376
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Preliminary Program
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Activities
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - General Information
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Workshops
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 381
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Registration Rates
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Coming Events
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - 384
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Advertising Index
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Journal of Food Protection Table of Contents
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Booklet Order Form
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Membership Application
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Cover3
Food Protection Trends - June 2010 - Cover4
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