Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 323
TABLE 1. Listeria monocytogenes sequence information from the National Center for
Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Pathogen Detection database (50)
NCBI biosample
Retailer
SAMN08437793
A
SAMN08437795
B
SAMN08437792
C
SAMN08438037
D
SAMN08437794
D
Location
Deli case
girding
Slicer control
meat
Deli slicing
table
Meat
department
floor drain
Cutting
board on
floor
SNP range
in cluster
SNP distance
to closest
environmental
isolate
SNP
distance
to closest
clinical
isolate
Collection
date range
within
cluster
2
1-1 (1)
1
NAa
2018
PDS000025424
2
1-1 (1)
1
NA
2018
PDS000003255
31
0-59 (14)
1
3
2014-2018
PDS000003204
126
0-83 (35)
11
11
2013-2019
PDS000000366
1,109
0-108 (41)
22
20
2013-2019
SNP cluster
identification
No. of
isolates
in cluster
PDS000025424
NA, not applicable.
a
Sequence data analysis
Overall run quality was evaluated with the Illumina
Sequencing Analysis Viewer v.1.9.1 software (Illumina
Inc.) and FastQ files were inspected with FastQC v.0.11.3
(Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK). Good-quality
sequences were shared with the FDA GenomeTrakr
Network via BaseSpace (Illumina Inc.). Raw sequence data
were submitted to the National Center for Biotechnology
Information (U.S. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda,
MD) Pathogen Detection database (50) (see Table 1 for
biosample numbers). Data were automatically analyzed
through the Pathogen Detection pipeline, which includes
single nucleotides polymorphism (SNP) comparisons
to find clusters of closely related isolates. Isolates were
placed in clusters by single-linkage clustering, with a
maximum 50 SNPs distance. SNP clusters to which this
study's isolates belong can be visualized on the Pathogen
Detection Web page (Table 1) (50). To obtain an overview
of relationship between the five isolates, analysis was
also performed by using a reference-free whole-genome
sequencing bioinformatics pipeline (30) (Utah Public
Health Laboratory, Salt Lake City, UT) as implemented on
the Google Virtual Machine at the Colorado Department of
Public Health and Environment (Denver, CO).
Environmental assessment
For insight into retail deli practices and environmental
data, a Listeria self-assessment form was developed and
pilot tested twice, prior to use. The assessment form was
a modified version of the Listeria monocytogenes deli self-
assessment tool (46). All inspectors collecting data used the
assessment tool; however, each was first trained on how to
use it. In addition, "mark-up" instructions were provided to
assure consistency in completion. One example illustrating
the detail and clarity of these instructions is as follows:
Item: RTE meat or poultry products refrigerated promptly
after use. Mark-up instructions: This item must be marked
YES or NO based on direct observations. The item must be
marked YES when the regulatory authority determines that
RTE products are promptly returned to refrigerated units
after slicing. This item may be marked NOT OBSERVED
when the establishment is not working with RTE products.
Promptly refrigerated after use means: a food product is
not left unattended when the food employee changes task
unless the task only creates a brief interruption before
returning to the product such as serving a retail customer.
Data analysis was conducted by using SPSS (version 23,
IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY) software. Descriptive
statistics (mean and standard deviation) were calculated. For
comparison purposes, the federal retail deli data set related
to adherence of eight recommendations was obtained from
the presentation "Listeria Controls at Retail: Nationwide
Surveillance Results" (17). To compare differences between
delis on the basis of size and location, retail delis were
divided into two groups: small retail delis and large retail
delis. Small delis were defined as those with less than 10
stores in the brand, and large were those with 10 or more
stores in the brand. Frequency statistics and t-tests were
September/October Food Protection Trends
323
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020
Self-Reported Food Safety Behaviors in Independent Chinese and Mexican Restaurants in Kansas
Microbiological Quality of Bottled Water Obtained from Mexican Small Water Purification Plants: A Pilot Study, Carried Out in Morelia (Central Mexico)
Listeria monocytogenes Occurrence and Adherence to Recommendations: Small and Large Retail Delicatessens in Iowa
Utilization of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods to Investigate the Impacts of a Pilot Media Campaign Targeting Safe Cooking Techniques and Proper Thermometer Use
Defining the Flow and Food Safety Behaviors of Actors in the Cambodian Vegetable Value Chain
Beyond the Bio Yaohua "Betty" Feng
PDG Highlight Meat and Poultry Safety and Quality PDG
General Interest Paper Identifying Vulnerable Populations at Risk of Foodborne Infection: People with Diabetes Mellitus
Industry Products
Coming Events
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Cover1
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Cover2
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 289
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 290
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 291
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Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 294
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 295
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Self-Reported Food Safety Behaviors in Independent Chinese and Mexican Restaurants in Kansas
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 297
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 298
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Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 308
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Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 310
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 311
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 312
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 313
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Microbiological Quality of Bottled Water Obtained from Mexican Small Water Purification Plants: A Pilot Study, Carried Out in Morelia (Central Mexico)
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 315
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 316
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 317
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 318
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 319
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Listeria monocytogenes Occurrence and Adherence to Recommendations: Small and Large Retail Delicatessens in Iowa
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 321
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 322
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 323
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 324
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 325
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 326
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 327
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 328
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 329
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 330
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 331
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Utilization of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods to Investigate the Impacts of a Pilot Media Campaign Targeting Safe Cooking Techniques and Proper Thermometer Use
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 333
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 334
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 335
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 336
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 337
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 338
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 339
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 340
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 341
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 342
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 343
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 344
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 345
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 346
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 347
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 348
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Defining the Flow and Food Safety Behaviors of Actors in the Cambodian Vegetable Value Chain
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 350
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 351
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 352
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 353
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 354
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 355
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 356
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 357
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 358
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 359
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 360
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 361
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 362
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 363
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Beyond the Bio Yaohua "Betty" Feng
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 365
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 366
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 367
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 368
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 369
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 370
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 371
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 372
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - PDG Highlight Meat and Poultry Safety and Quality PDG
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - General Interest Paper Identifying Vulnerable Populations at Risk of Foodborne Infection: People with Diabetes Mellitus
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 375
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 376
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 377
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 378
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 379
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Industry Products
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 381
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 382
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - 383
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Coming Events
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Cover3
Food Protection Trends - September/October 2020 - Cover4
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