TABLE 3. Results of comparison of food safety culture by demographic characteristics Leadership Characteristic Mean ± SD Gender Male Female Ethnicity Caucasian Hispanic or Latino African American Native American Asian Pacific Islander Other Education Less than high school High school/GED Associate degree Some college Bachelor's degree Other 4.36 ± 0.62 4.42 ± 0.54 4.36 ± 0.74 4.41 ± 0.69 4.39 ± 0.49 4.17 ± 0.30 0.964 4.34 ± 0.61 4.35 ± 0.57 4.31 ± 0.79 4.33 ± 0.78 4.42 ± 0.52 4.15 ± 0.18 0.972 4.31 ± 0.56 4.34 ± 0.53 4.26 ± 0.82 4.36 ± 0.76 4.27 ± 0.51 3.95 ± 0.32 0.851 4.30 ± 0.54 4.27 ± 0.65 4.04 ± 0.81 4.19 ± 0.92 4.18 ± 0.65 4.12 ± 0.43 0.613 4.26 ± 0.63 4.34 ± 0.69 4.38 ± 0.77 4.35 ± 0.77 4.31 ± 0.59 4.00 ± 0.00 0.925 4.38 ± 0.59 4.34 ± 0.69 4.25 ± 0.80 4.35 ± 0.86 4.33 ± 0.67 3.83 ± 0.16 Continued on the next page. 68 Food Protection Trends January/February 0.826 P-value Mean ± SD P-value Mean ± SD P-value Mean ± SD P-value Mean ± SD P-value Mean ± SD P-value Commitment Communication Environmental support Risk perception Management style 4.41 ± 0.51 4.36 ± 0.67 4.25 ± 0.71 4.45 ± 0.59 4.50 ± 0.48 4.43 ± 0.52 4.39 ± 0.50 4.45 ± 0.49 3.90 ± 1.01 0.442 4.41 ± 0.52 4.42 ± 0.72 0.228 4.12 ± 0.78A 4.45 ± 0.59B 4.34 ± 0.48B 4.24 ± 0.92B 4.37 ± 0.47B 4.50 ± 0.32B 4.18 ± 0.92B 0.075 4.29 ± 0.53 4.32 ± 0.692 0.035* 4.25 ± 0.71 4.38 ± 0.60 4.43 ± 0.47 3.94 ± 0.83 4.22 ± 0.56 4.44 ± 0.62 4.11 ± 0.72 0.654 4.22 ± 0.62 4.22 ± 0.78 0.303 4.03 ± 0.93 4.30 ± 0.64 4.14 ± 0.62 4.16 ± 0.65 4.30 ± 0.58 4.14 ± 0.57 4.23 ± 0.75 0.975 4.33 ± 0.62 4.31 ± 0.75 0.268 4.18 ± 0.83 4.37 ± 0.68 4.38 ± 0.49 4.46 ± 0.77 4.39 ± 0.52 4.13 ± 0.53 3.75 ± 1.25 0.824 4.38 ± 0.61 4.28 ± 0.80 0.327 4.15 ± 0.96 4.41 ± 0.65 4.44 ± 0.52 4.21 ± 0.61 4.36 ± 0.56 4.17 ± 0.70 4.00 ± 0.83 0.235 0.304