Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 99
pathogens in milk include the health and hygiene of the dairy
stock, the environment, raw milk quality, milking, pre-storage
conditions, available storage facilities, and the staff (18).
Factors that may influence the microbiological load include
herd size, location of milk collection center, the temperature
of the milk at delivery, availability of a cold chain, and time of
transportation (39).
Bacteria cause more than 90% of all dairy-related illnesses,
mainly attributable to the consumption of unpasteurized
milk (27). High total bacterial count and somatic cell
count levels have resulted in milk production losses of up
to 20% in certain herds (40, 54). Thus, testing raw milk
for microbiological quality, water adulteration, and the
prevalence of mastitis in the herd is critical to ensuring safety
and quality (46).
Milk safety has received much interest in both developed
and developing areas in recent years. To assist smallholders
in producing safe milk of acceptable quality, relevant
experiences, practices, and other successful or sustainable
techniques must be examined. In addition, lessons on quality
milk production and food safety assurance systems (regulations
and quality control components) can be gathered from
other nations to establish appropriate solutions (40). As a
model taken from other African countries like Kenya, official
recognition of informal markets through certification-based
training in safety and quality could positively benefit producers
and consumers (38).
Attention to animal health, milking hygiene, nutrition,
animal welfare, the environment, and socioeconomic
management is recommended for acceptable dairy farming
practice. Control of microbial contaminants in feed, facility
hygiene, cleaning of cows, good animal health management
to avoid mastitis, effective cleaning and disinfection procedures
of milking equipment, and rapid cooling of milk to
temperatures of 4°C or less are all critical at the farm (27).
The use of agricultural chemicals, veterinary treatments,
animal feed, and the identification of individual animals all
require traceability and record keeping (14). The utilization
of the lactoperoxidase enzyme system's antibacterial activity
to extend shelf life and eliminate pathogens has been
successfully tested in countries such as Kenya, Sri Lanka,
and Mexico (22). The success of this system is dependent
on good hygienic standards in milk production. In conjunction
with good hygienic practices, Flynn and colleagues
(21), confirmed that use of lactoperoxidase can inhibit the
growth of pathogenic bacteria such as L. monocytogenes in
milk and milk products, primarily cheese. Other methods
for extending the shelf life of raw milk include thermal
treatment and the addition of carbon dioxide (35).
CONCLUSION
The insights we gained into the knowledge, awareness,
and practices of key stakeholders in Senegal will facilitate
efficient strategies to control or implement potential
January/February Food Protection Trends
99
mitigation measures to ensure the quality of milk produced.
The findings suggest that to implement pre- and postharvest
control measures for foodborne illness, there is a need to
use culturally adapted strategies, good communication, and
education. Strengthening health education on zoonoses and
food safety will contribute to a safer dairy value chain. In
addition, the promotion of the milk production potential of
local breeds will help mitigate the domination of imported
powdered milk and promote the use and consumption of
local milk and dairy products.
The dairy value chain holds great promise for improving
household welfare and human and animal health and
nutrition, increasing youth employment, and empowering
women. Investments in improving quality and safety from
production to consumption (from the cow to the cup) will
improve the competitiveness of the Senegalese national
dairy value chain and generate widespread social benefits.
Clearly, food safety management requires an understanding
of microbiological hazards and how to prevent them in
foods or keep them within tolerable levels. Knowledge of
the prevalence and distribution of pathogens associated with
dairy production practices in Senegal will help in adoption of
specific methods for rapid and reliable detection of specific
bacterial pathogens related to milk, dairy products, and dairyassociated
environments. A major emphasis has to be given
to training youth and women. Women play a key role in milk
production; their greater knowledge of hygienic practices in
maintaining dairy cows, pre- and post-milking sanitization
of the udders, and recognition of diseased animals, including
mastitis, will promote the safety of the dairy value chain in
Senegal. A more transformative approach is to raise student
awareness of food safety issues, using food safety education
programs at the elementary school level that incorporate
basic concepts into school curricula. This will encourage and
educate lifelong safe food handling behaviors among the
farming community.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors acknowledge Dr. Gopal Reddy, Dr. Abiodun
Adesiyun, Dr. Gemechu Wirtu, and Dr. Temesgen Samuel for
their critical review and constructive comments.
This study was made possible by the generous support
of the American people through the U.S. Agency for
International Development (USAID) under Cooperative
Agreement 7200AA19LE00003 awarded to Purdue
University, in partnership with Cornell University, as the
management entity for the Feed the Future Innovation Lab
for Food Safety. The contents are the responsibility of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or
the U.S. government.
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023
On-Farm Produce Safety: A Review of Needs Assessments of Small- and Medium-Sized Growers in the United States
A Case Study of Food Safety Training Delivery Methods in Dairy Processing Plants
Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence is a Poor Indicator of Listeria spp. Presence in Distribution Centers Handling Fresh Produce
Survey of Implemented Mitigation Strategies and Further Needs of the U.S. Food Industry to Control COVID-19 in the Work Environment in Early 2021
Assessing Food Safety Culture: A Comparative Study between Independent and Chain Mexican and Chinese Restaurants
Beyond the Bio Mary Anne Roshni Amalaradjou
PDG Highlight Beverages and Acid/Acidified Foods Professional Development Group
General Interest Food Safety Issues in Dairy Production in Senegal: Challenges and Pragmatic Solutions for the Dairy Value Chain
Industry Products
Coming Events
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - Cover1
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - Cover2
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 1
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 2
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 3
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 4
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 5
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 6
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 7
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - On-Farm Produce Safety: A Review of Needs Assessments of Small- and Medium-Sized Growers in the United States
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 9
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 10
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 11
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 12
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 13
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 14
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 15
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 16
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 17
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 18
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 19
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 20
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 21
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 22
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - A Case Study of Food Safety Training Delivery Methods in Dairy Processing Plants
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 24
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 25
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 26
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 27
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 28
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 29
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 30
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 31
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 32
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence is a Poor Indicator of Listeria spp. Presence in Distribution Centers Handling Fresh Produce
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 34
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 35
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 36
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 37
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 38
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 39
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - Survey of Implemented Mitigation Strategies and Further Needs of the U.S. Food Industry to Control COVID-19 in the Work Environment in Early 2021
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 41
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 42
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 43
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 44
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 45
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 46
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 47
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 48
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 49
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 50
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 51
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 52
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 53
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 54
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 55
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 56
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 57
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 58
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 59
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 60
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - Assessing Food Safety Culture: A Comparative Study between Independent and Chain Mexican and Chinese Restaurants
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 62
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 63
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 64
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 65
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 66
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 67
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 68
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 69
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 70
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 71
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 72
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 73
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 74
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 75
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 76
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 77
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 78
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 79
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 80
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 81
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - Beyond the Bio Mary Anne Roshni Amalaradjou
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 83
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 84
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 85
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 86
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 87
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 88
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 89
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 90
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - PDG Highlight Beverages and Acid/Acidified Foods Professional Development Group
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 92
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 93
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - General Interest Food Safety Issues in Dairy Production in Senegal: Challenges and Pragmatic Solutions for the Dairy Value Chain
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 95
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 96
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 97
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 98
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 99
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 100
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 101
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - Industry Products
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 103
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 104
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 105
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 106
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 107
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - Coming Events
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - Cover3
Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20240708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20240506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20240304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20240102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20231112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20230910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20230708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20230506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20230304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20230102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20221112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20220910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20220708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20220506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20220304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20220102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20211112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20210910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20210708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20210506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20210304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20210102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20201112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20200910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20200708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20200506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20200304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20200102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20191112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20190910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20190708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20190506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20190304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20190102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20181112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20180910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20180708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20180506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20180304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20180102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20171112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20170910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20170708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20170506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20170304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20170102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20161112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20160910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20160708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20160506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20160304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20160102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20151112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20150910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20150708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20150506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20150304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20150102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20141112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20140910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20140708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20140506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20140304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20140102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20131112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20130910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20130708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20130506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20130304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_20130102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201212
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201210
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201208
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201207
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201206
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201205
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201204
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201203
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201202
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201110
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201109
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201108
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201107
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201106
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201105
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201104
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201103
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201012
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201011
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201010
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201009
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201008
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201007
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201006
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201005
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201004
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201003
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201002
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_201001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200912
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200911
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200908
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200906
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200905
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200904
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200903
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200902
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200812
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200811
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200810
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200809
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200808
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/trilix/fpt_200807
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com