The aramide fiber and inorganic paper materials both started off with much lower dielectric breakdown than the film containing products. The papers are relatively porous due to the fibrous nature of the material leading to the low dielectric breakdown. The ELAN-Film HT-180 insulation as well as the laminate A/P/A start off much higher in average dielectric breakdown. Physical Properties Two key physical properties of the ELAN-Film HT-180 insulation are low moisture absorption and Freon extraction values. As mentioned in the electrical properties section, it does not absorb moisture like the paper materials. The paper products and related materials must be dried before use and stored in a protective way to avoid re-absorption of water before use. The ELAN-Film HT-180 insulation exhibits excellent Freon resistance compared to the laminate materials which use an adhesive that is not compatible. One of the most important physical properties of ELANFilm HT-180 insulation is its compatibility with most impregnating materials. Adhesion by cross hatch adhesion tester has been tested with alkyd resin, waterborne polyester, epoxy emulsion, unsaturated polyester with vinyl toluene, unsaturated polyester with diallyl phthalate (DAP), and epoxy resins. Excellent adhesion was observed with each of these chemistries. Mechanical Properties Robust mechanical properties are important for handling of electrical insulating films and papers. Mechanical insertion equipment exerts large forces on electrical parts that can give part failure during the insertion process. The ELAN-Film HT-180 insulation has a number of advantages over the competitive materials. Orientation is a big concern for the paper products including aramide fiber paper. Tensile and modulus are roughly half in the cross versus the machine direction. The ELAN-Film HT-180 insulation is roughly equivalent in the two directions and therefore can be used in any orientation. The impact of water on the paper products is evident. The aramide fiber paper loses approximately 40% of its dielectric properties after water immersion and 75% after exposure to the humidity cabinet. The inorganic paper behaved in a similar fashion with around 80% reduction in dielectric breakdown. The ELAN-Film HT-180 insulation is virtually unchanged in dielectric breakdown in both the water immersion and the humidity cabinet at 100% humidity. The inherent advantages of this new insulation towards moisture resistance against the papers and laminate materials are evident. Dissipation factor is virtually unchanged after exposure to water while the other materials show a significant degradation. Dielectric constant, volume resistivity, and surface resistivity also show similar trends with little change in properties after moisture exposure. 10 Magnetics Business & Technology * July/August 2019 Tear strength is also an important feature for mechanical properties. Abusive manufacturing techniques must not damage the solid insulating material. The accompanying photo shows a slot liner that was removed after final assembly by automated mechanical insertion equipment. No damage or cracks were observed even with the multiple of bends and strains put into the material. Tear strength is one such feature that dictates the abuse that can be tolerated. The ELAN-Film HT-180 insulation is significantly higher in tear strength than many of its competitors available in the marketplace. High tear strength www.MagneticsMag.comhttp://www.MagneticsMag.com