Magnetics Business & Technology - May/June 2020 - 45

ADVERTISING INDEX
Index of Advertisers

Magnetic Field at Martian Surface Ten Times
Stronger than Expected

Index of Advertisers
AK Steel Corporation

Continued from page 46...
17, 34
www.aksteel.com

Arnold Magnetic Technologies
Bartington Instruments

23, 34
www.arnoldmagnetics.com
2, 35
www.bartington.com

Dura Magnetics

31, 35
www.duramag.com

General Atomics

42
www.ga.com/magnet-technologies.com

GMW Associates

5, 36
www.gmw.com

Integrated Magnetics

29, 36
www.intemag.com

ITG Electronics

7, 33, 37
www.itg-electronics.com

Laboratorio Elettrofisico USA, Inc.
15, 37
www.laboratorio.elettrofisico.com
Lake Shore Cryotronics

13, 38
www.lakeshore.com

Magnet Applications, A Bunting Magnetics Company
25, 38
www.magnetapplications.com
Magnetic Instrumentation

21, 39
www.maginst.com

Magnetic Metals

27, 39
www.magneticmetals.com

Magnetool, Inc.

42
www.magnetoolinc.com

MEDA, Inc.

10-11, 40
www.meda.com

Metrolab Technology

19, 40
www.metrolab.com

Neo Magnequench

9, 41
www.magnequench.com

New England Wire Technologies
TE Connectivity
Walter T. Benecki

41, 48
www.newenglandwire.com
42, 47
www.te.com

44
www.magneticsmag.com/main/gpm

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The team hopes that by combining these InSight results with satellite
magnetic data and future studies of Martian rocks, they can identify
exactly which rocks carry the magnetization and how old they are.

Day-night fluctuations and pulses

The magnetic sensor has also provided new clues about phenomena
that occur high in the upper atmosphere and the space environment
around Mars.
Just like Earth, Mars is exposed to solar wind, which is a stream of
charged particles from the Sun that carries an interplanetary magnetic
field (IMF) with it and can cause disturbances like solar storms. But
because Mars lacks a global magnetic field, it is less protected from
solar weather.
"Because all of our previous observations of Mars have been from the
top of its atmosphere or even higher altitudes, we didn't know whether
disturbances in solar wind would propagate to the surface," said
Johnson. "That's an important thing to understand for future astronaut
missions to Mars."
The sensor captured fluctuations in the magnetic field between day
and night and short, mysterious pulsations around midnight, confirming
that events in and above the upper atmosphere can be detected at the
surface.
The team believe that the day-night fluctuations arise from a combination of how the solar wind and IMF drape around the planet, and solar
radiation charging the upper atmosphere and producing electrical currents, which in turn generate magnetic fields.
"What we're getting is an indirect picture of the atmospheric properties
of Mars - how charged it becomes and what currents are in the upper
atmosphere," said co-author Anna Mittelholz, a postdoctoral fellow at
the University of British Columbia.
And the mysterious pulsations that mostly appear at midnight and last
only a few minutes?
"We think these pulses are also related to the solar wind interaction
with Mars, but we don't yet know exactly what causes them," said Johnson. "Whenever you get to make measurements for the first time, you
find surprises, and this is one of our 'magnetic' surprises."
In the future, the InSight team wants to observe the surface magnetic
field at the same time as the MAVEN orbiter passes over InSight, allowing them to compare data.
"The main function of the magnetic sensor was to weed out magnetic
"noise," both from the environment and the lander itself, for our seismic
experiments, so this is all bonus information that directly supports the
overarching goals of the mission," said InSight principal investigator Bruce Banerdt of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena,
California. "The time-varying fields, for example, will be very useful
for future studies of the deep conductivity structure of Mars, which is
related to its internal temperature."
For more info see www.mars.nasa.gov.

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May/June 2020 * Magnetics Business & Technology

45

http://www.aksteel.com http://www.arnoldmagnetics.com http://www.bartington.com http://www.duramag.com http://www.ga.com/magnet-technologies http://www.gmw.com http://www.intemag.com http://www.itg-electronics.com http://www.laboratorio.elettrofisico.com http://www.lakeshore.com http://www.magnetapplications.com http://www.maginst.com http://www.magneticmetals.com http://www.magnetoolinc.com http://www.meda.com http://www.metrolab.com http://www.magnequench.com http://www.newenglandwire.com https://www.te.com/usa-en/home.html http://www.magneticsmag.com/main/gpm https://mars.nasa.gov/ http://www.MagneticsMag.com

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