Automotive Engineering - April 2021 - 13

TECHNOLOGY REPORT

that's the case for batteries using powders - you have to find a compromise, "
he noted. " And if you increase energy
you will decrease power; if you accelerate [the vehicle] you will consume more.
But there is something else in a battery
that is absolutely underestimated. "  
 EV owners have learned that the
more you drive, the faster you discharge the battery. Unlike a tank of gasoline, EV energy consumption is not
linear.  " This will also be the case for our
technology - however, at a higher level
of both power and energy, meaning
that you will have more margin and the
'over consumption' will be lower, whatever the state of charge, " Boulanger
said. Initial results with NAWA's development partners, including battery giant SAFT, show that an advanced lithium-ion battery with a UFCE minimally doubles the kW-h stored. " EVs could
draw on more power to go faster but
farther at the same time, "  he said. 
 

AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING

Diagram of the 3D
vertical technology for
EV batteries.

Carbon nano-material synergies 
The 3D electrode is designed for manufacturability, he said. The VACNT manufacturing process is  " very similar "  to the
production of photovoltaics or industrial
glass treatment. Boulanger claimed that
nanotubes are " not expensive " to produce: the equipment is proven, and processes are greatly improving both in
throughput and yield, keeping costs

low.  " We envision it can be similar in
terms of dollars-per-square-meter to a
coating, but with a lower bill-of-materials coming from the natural and sustainable carbon sources. We will have more
energy per square meter, the cost of that
energy will be lower in terms of dollarsper-watt-hour, too, " Boulanger said. 
 In moving toward commercialization, Boulanger is aware of the hurdles.

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Automotive Engineering - April 2021

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