Automotive Engineering - May 2021 - 19
COVER STORY
FROM TOP: YAZAKI; CONTINENTAL
Reducing cabling complexity is a critical issue for
meeting emissions, safety, performance and cost requirements.
upgradable software. Processors and communication
systems will need to be able to perform upgraded tasks
without compromising existing functions. Initially, hardware engineers will meet the needs of expanded software services by designing in plenty of overhead.
" Systems need margins of 30 percent, maybe even
50 percent, " said Stefan Buerkle, global customer lead
at Bosch. " Expectations are that vehicles will have
longer life cycles, maybe 10 to 15 years. Hardware
needs to be equipped to support that. We need to
think about upgrades in the field. "
But when upgrades become more common over
long vehicle lifetimes, it may be more efficient to upgrade hardware in the field. Automotive engineers
are looking for ways to make field upgrades part of
the planning requirement for vehicle systems. Many
military programs allow field upgrades, but military
techniques are generally far too costly for civilian
passenger vehicles.
" The industry needs to start planning for hardware
upgradability, " said Stefan Butz, engineering
information VP at BMW. " We need to account for not
only the cost of hardware, but also consider how easily
it can be exchanged. There's a pretty high likelihood
that the hardware in a car at the start of production
will not be the same as in vehicles later in production. "
Upgrades could become easier as the industry shifts
to more centralized architectures. Some OEMs are creating zones that combine related systems together.
These zones share data with each other, but they also
AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING
Faster hardware will be
critical as software size explodes.
send data to a centralized module that will make decisions based on
all available information.
Reducing the number of modules will make it simpler to upgrade
hardware to meet changing demands. The ultimate goal of some
strategies is to have a single control module linked to an array of sensors. Upgrading that module will be expensive, but it will be easier
than attempting to upgrade today's distributed systems.
" Cars today have 80 to 90 CPUs; our ultimate vision is to have
only one CPU, " Bosch's Buerkle said. " OEMs are taking different
paths and different approaches for this consolidation, so we need
to stay flexible. "
May 2021 19
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