Autonomous Vehicle Engineering - May 2021 - 11
Sensors
the company's experience in radar-signal
processing and hardware (see sidebar).
Currently, all of the top 15 automotive
OEMs are using NXP radar chipsets,
according to Feulner. The company was
a pioneer in introducing deep submicron CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) technology in automotive sensors. Deep submicron refers
to transistors sized below 0.35um, with
faster switching rates, increased power
density and cost efficiency.
A53 microarchitecture, claims NXP. The
radar's optimized processor " reduces
implementation cost and power
consumption by up to 50% compared
to general purpose FPGAs [field-programmable gate array, a programmable
electronic device that uses digital logic
circuitry], " he said.
A 16-nm first
According to Feulner, NXP early in its
radar developments transitioned from
the older 24 GHz systems that were
often built on silicon-germanium technology toward 77 GHz radars based on
40nm RF-CMOS technology; RF CMOS
is a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS)
New 4D imaging radar
Imaging radars significantly enhance a
vehicle's sensing capabilities. Operating
in the 77 GHz frequency range, imaging
radars enable very precise mapping
and environmental awareness, thus
improving object detection and separation. They deliver higher-fidelity object
classification - the ability to accurately
identify an object as a bike, a car, a
truck, an animal or a pedestrian, for
example. NXP's latest 4D imaging radar
uses additional enhancements such as
" virtual antennae " that directly correlate
to sensor resolution. " Our imaging
radar uses cascaded radar front ends
to create as many as 192 of the virtual
antennae which, along with greatly
enhanced signal-processing capability,
allows simultaneous sensor functions
such as digital beam-forming. "
NXP claims its recently introduced
4D imaging radar can detect objects at
more than 300-meters (984-ft) range in
long-range mode and simultaneously
producing high-resolution point-cloud
output in short-range mode. " It is significant for Level 2+ use cases such as autopilot systems and lane-keep assist, and
for full autonomy at Levels 3 through 5, "
Feulner said. The radar is capable of up
to 16X enhancement in angular resolution to <1 degree, through a combination of the 192-virtual-antennae system
and digital-algorithm post processing.
A linear algebra radar accelerator
provides up to 64 times better performance compared to an ARM Cortex
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Autonomous Vehicle Engineering - May 2021
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Autonomous Vehicle Engineering - May 2021 - CVR4
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