Autonomous Vehicle Engineering - July 2021 - 19

DRAFT- Stand alone
ADAS
SAE J3016 LEVELS OF DRIVING AUTOMATION
Learn more here: sae.org/standards/content/j3016_202104
TM
SAE
LEVEL 0
What does the
human in the
driver's seat
have to do?
TM
SAE
LEVEL 1
TM
SAE
LEVEL 2
TM
You are driving whenever these driver support features
are engaged - even if your feet are off the pedals and
you are not steering
You must constantly supervise these support features;
you must steer, brake or accelerate as needed to
maintain safety
These are driver support features
These features
are limited
What do these
features do?
to providing
warnings and
momentary
assistance
* automatic
emergency
braking
Example
Features
* blind spot
warning
* lane departure
warning
The newest graphic representation of SAE's J3016 Standard for Levels of Driving Automation.
In the SAE press release related to Levels 4 and
5, there was mention of 'remote assistance' and
'remote driving,' which seem to be a bit over
the horizon from where industry developments
are now. What are these terms?
That was one of the more important changes we made
in this version, and it was one of the thorniest issues that
we tackled with the ISO-SAE group. It was particularly
important for companies working on ADS-dedicated
vehicles operating in geofenced urban areas to distinguish
between remote driving and remote assistance.
Consider the need for an ADS-dedicated vehicle
to, for example, pass a double-parked vehicle that is
blocking its lane, where passing it requires crossing a
double-yellow line to enter a lane of opposing traffic:
the vehicle would signal a person in the fleet operations
center of its predicament and that person will
either remotely drive the vehicle using, for example, the
vehicle's cameras and a joy-stick apparatus wirelessly
linked to the vehicle's steering and braking controls to
accomplish the passing maneuver. Or, remotely assist
the vehicle by sending it instructions to accomplish
the passing maneuver in its own.
The first example constitutes remote-driving and
means that the ADS-dedicated vehicle in question is
Level 3, while the second example constitutes remote
assistance and means that the ADS-dedicated vehicle
in question is Level 4.
As your committee hears calls for driving-monitoring
systems across the board, what's the
reaction? Is it needed?
Just to be clear, this J3016 document lives under the
On-Road Automated Driving Committee. There's a
These features
provide
steering
OR brake/
acceleration
support to
the driver
* lane centering
OR
* adaptive cruise
control
These features
provide
steering
AND brake/
acceleration
support to
the driver
* lane centering
AND
* adaptive cruise
control at the
same time
SAE
LEVEL 3
TM
SAE
LEVEL 4
TM
" the driver's seat "
When the feature
requests,
you must drive
These automated driving features
will not require you to take
over driving
Copyright © 2021 SAE International.
These are automated driving features
These features can drive the vehicle
under limited conditions and will
not operate unless all required
conditions are met
This feature
can drive the
vehicle under
all conditions
TM
Copyright © 2021 SAE International. The summary table may be freely copied and distributed AS-IS provided that SAE International is acknowledged as the source of the content.
SAE
LEVEL 5
You are not driving when these automated driving
features are engaged - even if you are seated in
TM
* traffic jam
chauffeur
* local driverless
taxi
* pedals/
steering
wheel may or
may not be
installed
* same as
level 4,
but feature
can drive
everywhere
in all
conditions
AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE ENGINEERING
July 2021 19
SAE International
http://www.sae.org https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_202104
Autonomous Vehicle Engineering - July 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Autonomous Vehicle Engineering - July 2021
