Autonomous Vehicle Engineering - September 2021 - 25

V2X
Extensive communications are expected to
improve safety and enable autonomy.
are limited to line of sight (LOS) data collection.
" V2X provides more information than LOS
sensors, such as steering wheel angle and self-reported
vehicle speed of the other vehicles, " said Robert Gee,
senior manager portfolio development, connected
vehicle solutions & V2X at Continental. " But this is
not to say that V2X does more than LOS sensors in
every situation. It is important to recognize that V2X
can help to confirm, enhance, and extend the data from
the LOS sensors, providing both additional information
and corroboration of LOS sensor information to
enable the vehicle to make the best decision. "
That can help improve safety margins by identifying
vehicles that are not detected by on-vehicle sensors. The
benefits go beyond spotting vehicles in blind spots.
Information can include warnings for nearby emergency
vehicles as well as speed data for unseen vehicles.
" V2X could extend the range of the vehicle environment, "
said Michael Burkhart, system engineering
connected car manager at ZF. " For example, with
on-board sensors, it's not easy to identify an emergency
vehicle. Additionally, V2X provides position,
speed and lane information. Information gathered by
the on-vehicle sensors, for example traffic jam/accident
after the curve, could be forwarded to other vehicles. "
The commercial rollout of V2X will likely be slow.
Many OEMs and infrastructure planners are reluctant
to spend money on V2X until there are some vehicles
that can communicate. This chicken-or-egg issue has
been a long-term stumbling block for deployment.
The reluctance to move ahead with V2X on mainstream
production vehicles is also driven by questions
over communication protocols. Cellular V2X (C-V2X)
has been gaining momentum in the U.S. and China.
The seasoned WiFi-like standard, dedicated short
range communications (DSRC), is showing signs of
strength in Europe. While different regions may settle
on different standards, the issue brings some uncertainty
and doubt for product planners.
Caveat emptor
While V2X is considered a powerful tool in the
efforts to improve safety and advance autonomy,
even proponents note that it's like all sensors: They
have strengths and weaknesses that work best when
multiple inputs are fused together to create a single
image. Wireless links are generally considered to be
limited to augmenting on-vehicle systems, unlike
some on-vehicle sensors that can temporarily guide
vehicles single handedly.
AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE ENGINEERING
September 2021 25
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Autonomous Vehicle Engineering - September 2021

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