SAE Update - March 2022 - 8

TECH FOCUS:
AUTOMATED VEHICLES
DRAFT- Stand alone
SAE J3016 LEVELS OF DRIVING AUTOMATION
Learn more here: sae.org/standards/content/j3016_202104
TM
SAE
LEVEL 0
What does the
human in the
driver's seat
have to do?
TM
SAE
LEVEL 1
TM
SAE
LEVEL 2
TM
You are driving whenever these driver support features
are engaged - even if your feet are off the pedals and
you are not steering
You must constantly supervise these support features;
you must steer, brake or accelerate as needed to
maintain safety
These are driver support features
These features
are limited
What do these
features do?
to providing
warnings and
momentary
assistance
* automatic
emergency
braking
Example
Features
* blind spot
warning
* lane departure
warning
established. Electronic stability
control, for example, reduces fatal
single-vehicle crash risk by about
half and fatal multiple-vehicle
crash risk by 20%. Likewise,
automatic emergency braking
reduces front-to-rear crashes by
half and pedestrian crashes by
27%. Both features also reduce the
frequency of insurance claims,
which is where we've also tried to
find benefits of Level 2 systems.
So far, our studies don't show a
8
March 2022
These features
provide
steering
OR brake/
acceleration
support to
the driver
* lane centering
OR
* adaptive cruise
control
These features
provide
steering
AND brake/
acceleration
support to
the driver
* lane centering
AND
* adaptive cruise
control at the
same time
SAE
LEVEL 3
TM
SAE
LEVEL 4
TM
" the driver's seat "
When the feature
requests,
you must drive
These automated driving features
will not require you to take
over driving
Copyright © 2021 SAE International.
These are automated driving features
These features can drive the vehicle
under limited conditions and will
not operate unless all required
conditions are met
This feature
can drive the
vehicle under
all conditions
Driver distraction a major concern in
semi-automated driving
TM
Copyright © 2021 SAE International. The summary table may be freely copied and distributed AS-IS provided that SAE International is acknowledged as the source of the content.
SAE
LEVEL 5
You are not driving when these automated driving
features are engaged - even if you are seated in
TM
* traffic jam
chauffeur
* local driverless
taxi
* pedals/
steering
wheel may or
may not be
installed
* same as
level 4,
but feature
can drive
everywhere
in all
conditions
benefit of Level 2 beyond that associated with AEB
and other crash avoidance features with which Level
2-equipped vehicles are also equipped.
In our work with the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology's Advanced Vehicle Technology
Consortium, we have seen both encouraging and
troubling behavior associated with drivers' use of Level
2 features. The vast majority of transfers of control
from the system to the driver are initiated by the driver,
which seems to indicate operators can recognize
situations that the systems don't manage well. On the
other hand, we also see evidence that drivers choose
higher speeds when using these features than they do
UPDATE
SAE International
http://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_202104
SAE Update - March 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAE Update - March 2022
