SAE Update - February 2024 - 29

TECH FOCUS:
AErOSPACE
CO2 (e-fuels). Collectively, these
biofuels and e-fuels are referred
to as sustainable aviation fuels
(SAFs). They both have the
potential to provide net-zero CO2
emissions. Dramatic reductions
in contrails are also possible as
synthesized fuels can be
engineered to burn cleaner. Soot
particles and sulfur greatly
increase the rate of contrail
formation.
While much tighter safety
Global warming impacts from aviation. Condensation trails ( " contrails " )
account for over half of the warming caused by aviation, with CO2
about one-third.
replacement jet fuel (kerosine), and hydrogen.
Kerosine would be used in conventional gas turbine
engines, while hydrogen could be used in either fuel
cell electrified aircraft or modified jet engines.
Hydrogen has great potential for energy efficiency,
cost reduction, and zero emissions. However, the low
density of even liquid hydrogen, combined with its
extremely low boiling temperature, mean that bulky
spherical tanks will consume considerable fuselage
volume. Range will therefore be limited for
conventional aircraft architectures. It is possible that
eventual synergies of low fuel mass, greater volume in
blended wing aircraft, distributed propulsion, and
inherent cooling for superconducting motors may
enable long range hydrogen aircraft at some point in
the considerable future.
Drop-in replacement kerosine-type fuels can be
synthesized from various forms of biomass (biofuels)
or from renewably produced hydrogen and captured
UPDATE
causing
controls on fuel composition
mean SAF use has progressed
much more slowly than in land
vehicles, its certification is now
relatively mature. Blended fuels
containing up to 50% biofuel
have been allowed on
commercial flights since 2011
and, in November 2023, the first
trans-Atlantic commercial flight
using 100% SAF took place.
Producing SAFs at the rate and
cost required to decarbonize
aviation will be extremely
challenging. By 2050, civil aviation
is forecast to require 1,800 billion
liters of kerosine, while shipping-
much of which is virtually
impossible to electrify-will
require 200 billion liters of liquid
fuels. There is a limited supply of
biofuels, which must compete
with food production, nature
February 2024
29
Dr. Jody Muelane

SAE Update - February 2024

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAE Update - February 2024

SAE Update - February 2024 - Cov1
SAE Update - February 2024 - Cov2
SAE Update - February 2024 - 1
SAE Update - February 2024 - 2
SAE Update - February 2024 - 3
SAE Update - February 2024 - 4
SAE Update - February 2024 - 5
SAE Update - February 2024 - 6
SAE Update - February 2024 - 7
SAE Update - February 2024 - 8
SAE Update - February 2024 - 9
SAE Update - February 2024 - 10
SAE Update - February 2024 - 11
SAE Update - February 2024 - 12
SAE Update - February 2024 - 13
SAE Update - February 2024 - 14
SAE Update - February 2024 - 15
SAE Update - February 2024 - 16
SAE Update - February 2024 - 17
SAE Update - February 2024 - 18
SAE Update - February 2024 - 19
SAE Update - February 2024 - 20
SAE Update - February 2024 - 21
SAE Update - February 2024 - 22
SAE Update - February 2024 - 23
SAE Update - February 2024 - 24
SAE Update - February 2024 - 25
SAE Update - February 2024 - 26
SAE Update - February 2024 - 27
SAE Update - February 2024 - 28
SAE Update - February 2024 - 29
SAE Update - February 2024 - 30
SAE Update - February 2024 - 31
SAE Update - February 2024 - 32
SAE Update - February 2024 - 33
SAE Update - February 2024 - 34
SAE Update - February 2024 - 35
SAE Update - February 2024 - 36
SAE Update - February 2024 - 37
SAE Update - February 2024 - 38
SAE Update - February 2024 - 39
SAE Update - February 2024 - 40
SAE Update - February 2024 - 41
SAE Update - February 2024 - 42
SAE Update - February 2024 - 43
SAE Update - February 2024 - 44
SAE Update - February 2024 - 45
SAE Update - February 2024 - 46
SAE Update - February 2024 - 47
SAE Update - February 2024 - 48
SAE Update - February 2024 - 49
SAE Update - February 2024 - 50
SAE Update - February 2024 - 51
SAE Update - February 2024 - 52
SAE Update - February 2024 - 53
SAE Update - February 2024 - 54
SAE Update - February 2024 - 55
SAE Update - February 2024 - 56
SAE Update - February 2024 - 57
SAE Update - February 2024 - 58
SAE Update - February 2024 - 59
SAE Update - February 2024 - 60
SAE Update - February 2024 - 61
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