Contents FEATURES 4 Convolutional Neural Networks Enable Nighttime Imaging 8 O-RAN: Redefining the Future of Wireless Connectivity TECHNOLOGY LEADERS IN SENSORS 11 Force Torque Sensors for Robots: External vs. Built-In 14 White Light Non-Contact Distance and Thickness Measurement APPLICATIONS 19 Sensors - Powering the Future of Transportation 21 Digital Twins for Industry 23 Better LIDAR in Autonomous Systems Starts with MEMS TECH BRIEFS 26 Towards More Accurate 3D Object Detection for Robots and Self-Driving Cars 27 Flexible Artificial Intelligence Optoelectronic Sensors for Health Monitoring DEPARTMENT 29 New Products ON THE COVER White light technology can be used with confocal chromatic sensors to make extremely precise and accurate measurements of the thickness of transparent surfaces down to the sub-nanometer range. It is used in automation and production monitoring in dynamic industrial inline applications. High-precision confocal measurements are possible on reflective surfaces, such as highly polished metals or liquids, on matte surfaces, such as plastic or black rubber, and on transparent materials, such as glass or plastic sheets. To learn more, see page 14. (Image: Micro-Epsilon) 2 ST Arnold Magnetic Tech Ad 0524.indd 1 www.techbriefs.com Sensor Technology, May 2024 4/9/24 3:43 PMhttp://info.hotims.com/86255-714 http://www.techbriefs.com