World Grain Chinese - July 2010 - 14

明,稻谷种植户30%的收益来自于这些补贴。
尽管有政府的支持,稻谷种植还仅是许
多家庭的谋生之道。据估计,约30%的稻谷
可能仍然是农民自己消费。农户以一种非正
式和非现金的经济模式将稻谷运到当地米厂
加工兑换。
在中国,稻谷的平均单产是每公顷6.5
吨,居世界领先地位,且产量仍在上升,但不
高于1%。
尽管官方数据缺乏,但证据表明,近年
来质量较差的稻谷以及小麦替代高价的玉米
用于饲料生产。据美国农业部估计,去年中
国约有1100万吨的早稻和陈化不宜再储的库
存稻谷用于了生产饲料,而BOABC的估计数
据是900万吨。
国际贸易
基于政府对农业的支持,维护国家粮食安
全,实现农村发展目标,中国的稻米市场没有
受到国际市场的不利影响。据美国农业部的最
近报告显示,进口大米量仅为30万吨,而且几

乎全是泰国香米,主要供给酒店、餐厅和超
市,满足高收入消费者的需要。日本企业已在
中国东北的米厂投资,主要改善粳稻的加工品
质。中国现在的大米出口几乎完全是向日本和
韩国出口这类大米。据美国农业部估计,本年
度的出口量可能为90万吨。而BOABC的估计
则较高,认为要进口60万吨,出口150万吨。
在2008年的粮价危机之前,中国政府通过退税
政策鼓励质量较差的籼稻米出口非洲,但这个
政策随后取消,避免国内市场价格上涨。
世界市场对中国的稻米产业无足轻重。目
前主要是看中国龙头中粮集团与亚洲农产品加
工巨头丰益国际之间对国内市场主导地位的竞
争。(河南工业大学李卓翻译)
David McKee是一个粮食产业顾问,向寻求新市场
业务的公司提供市场研究和服务。他的电子邮箱
是:davidmckee59@msn.com
评论和意见请发邮件到:worldgrain@sosland.com
需要文章重印请发邮件到:reprints@sosland.com

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World Grain Chinese - July 2010

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of World Grain Chinese - July 2010

Contents
World Grain Chinese - July 2010 - 1
World Grain Chinese - July 2010 - 2
World Grain Chinese - July 2010 - 3
World Grain Chinese - July 2010 - Contents
World Grain Chinese - July 2010 - 5
World Grain Chinese - July 2010 - 6
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