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Chapter 1: Burden of Digestive Disorders
Colon and rectum cancer
For the 44 member countries combined, age-standardised incidence rates for colon and
rectum cancer have generally remained stable at around 38 per 100,000, from 2000-2019
(Figure 128). Age-standardised mortality rates have decreased by around 15% (21 to 18 per
100,000), from 2000-2019. The total number of incident cases and deaths in the member
countries combined increased by around 33% (450,806 to 600,712) and 19% (257,509 to
307,241), respectively, from 2000-2019.
For the member countries combined, incidence rates increase steadily with age for both
sexes, peaking at age 85+ years (Figure 129). Age-specific incidence rates are higher for men
compared to women across all age groups. Age-specific incidence rates have increased
amongst those aged 25-39 years from 2000-2019, and decreased amongst the youngest and
oldest age groups.
Amongst the member countries in 2019, age-standardised incidence rates range from 9.1 to
48 and 11 to 77 per 100,000 for women and men, respectively, and age-standardised
mortality rates range from 8 to 20 and 7.3 to 41 per 100,000 for women and men,
respectively (Figure 130; Figure 131).
Age-standardised DALY rates range from 166 to 630 per 100,000 among the member
countries (Figure 132). Age-standardised DALY rates tend to be relatively low among member
countries within Northern Africa, whilst some of the highest rates occur among countries
within Central and Eastern and Southeastern Europe. Of the 44 countries, 15 (34%) have
experienced a percentage change increase in age-standardised DALY rates from 2000-2019,
including all member countries within Northern Africa and the majority of countries within
Southeastern Europe and Western Asia. All member countries within Western and Southern
Europe and the Nordic region have experienced decreases in age-standardised DALY rates
from 2000-2019, as have the majority of member countries within Central and Eastern
Europe.
Proportions of colon and rectum cancer age-standardised DALY rates attributable to smoking,
alcohol use and high BMI range from 8-22%, 1-20% and 8-15%, respectively, among the
member countries (Figure 133). Of the 44 countries, 36% and 50% have experienced
percentage change increases in the proportion of burden attributable to smoking and alcohol
use, respectively, from 2000-2019. All countries have experienced increases in the proportion
of burden attributable to high BMI.
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