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Chapter 1: Burden of Digestive Disorders
BURDEN OF INTESTINAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Diarrhoeal diseases
For the 44 member countries combined, trends in age-standardised incidence rates of
diarrhoeal diseases have increased over time, whilst mortality rates have decreased (Figure
134). From 2000-2019, age-standardised incidence rates have increased by around 8%
(66,960 to 72,154 per 100,000) for the member countries combined, and age-standardised
mortality rates have decreased by around 47% (4.1 to 2.1 per 100,000). The total number of
incident cases in the member countries combined has increased by around 20% (619,794,560
to 742,924,315) from 2000-2019, and the total number of deaths has decreased by around
19% (32,605 to 26,451) over the same period.
For the member countries combined, incidence and mortality rates are highest in the
youngest (<5 years) and oldest age groups, peaking at ages 85+ years for women and men
(Figure 135). For both sexes combined, age-specific incidence rates have increased from
2000-2019 for most age groups, except for those aged <5 and 15-24 years. Age-specific
mortality rates have increased for those aged 65+ years, but have decreased for younger age
groups, especially for children under the age of 5 years.
Amongst the member countries in 2019, age-standardised incidence rates range from 25,653
to 118,165 and 28,913 to 111,855 per 100,000 for women and men, respectively (Figure
136). Age-standardised mortality rates range from 0.1 to 10 and 0.1 to 8.2 per 100,000 for
women and men, respectively (Figure 137).
Age-standardised DALY rates for both sexes combined range from 59 to 859 per 100,000
among the member countries (Figure 138). Age-standardised DALY rates tend to be relatively
low amongst member countries within Southern Europe, Western Europe and the Nordic
region, whilst some of the highest rates occur among countries within Northern Africa and
Western Asia. Of the 44 countries, 20 (45%) have experienced a percentage change increase
in age-standardised DALY rates from 2000-2019. Member countries with some of the highest
age-standardised DALY rates within Northern Africa and Western Asia in 2019, have
experienced relatively large percentage change decreases in age-standardised DALY rates
from 2000-2019 likely explained by a combination of factors linked to socioeconomic
development. Several member countries within Southern Europe, Western Europe and the
Nordic region have experienced increases in age-standardised DALY rates over time, which is
to some extent explained by increases in mortality rates amongst older adults due to
pathogens such as Clostridium difficile which can be difficult to treat.107
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