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Chapter 1: Burden of Digestive Disorders
GBD 2019 uses statistical models to estimate the proportion of cirrhosis and other chronic
liver disease burden attributable to different causes, such as alcohol use, hepatitis C,
hepatitis B and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The burden attributable to these
causes is described separately.
Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to alcohol use
For the 44 member countries combined, trends in age-standardised incidence, mortality and
prevalence rates for cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to alcohol use have
generally decreased over time (Figure 12). From 2000-2019, age-standardised incidence rates
decreased by around 6% (9.1 to 8.5 per 100,000), age-standardised mortality rates decreased
by around 11% (6.8 to 6.1 per 100,000) and age-standardised prevalence rates decreased by
around 6% (304 to 285 per 100,000). The total number of incident cases, deaths and
prevalent cases in the member countries combined has increased by around 4% (90,582 to
93,773), 14% (74,455 to 85,031) and 16% (3,157,181 to 3,659,078), respectively, from 20002019.
For
the member countries combined, prevalence rates peak at ages 55-59 for both men and
women, and rates are higher for men across all age groups (Figure 13). For both sexes
combined, age-specific prevalence rates have decreased from 2000-2019 for most age
groups, except for those aged 30-34 and 80 plus years.
Amongst the member countries in 2019, age-standardised incidence rates range from 0.8 to
15 and 1.3 to 30 per 100,000 for women and men, respectively (Figure 14). Age-standardised
mortality rates range from 0.4 to 10 and 1.1 to 24 per 100,000 for women and men,
respectively, and age-standardised prevalence rates range from 20 to 351 and 36 to 771 per
100,000 for women and men, respectively (Figure 15; Figure 16).
Age-standardised DALY rates for both sexes combined range from 17 to 492 per 100,000
among the member countries (Figure 17). Age-standardised DALY rates tend to be higher
amongst member countries located within Central and Eastern Europe and Western Asia
(excluding Turkey and Israel). Of the 44 countries, 16 (36%) have experienced a percentage
change increase in age-standardised DALY rates from 2000-2019. Some relatively low alcohol
drinking countries in Northern Africa have experienced percentage change increases in agestandardised
DALY rates from 2000-2019, as have some of the countries with the highest
age-standardised DALY rates within Central and Eastern Europe and Western Asia. Apart from
the UK and Finland, age-standardised DALY rates have decreased across Western and
Southern Europe and the Nordic region from 2000-2019.
White Book 2: Part 1
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