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Appendix
Measures and data sources
Disease burden estimates were primarily obtained from GBD 2019. In brief, the GBD
estimation process involves collecting epidemiological data from multiple sources, correcting
the data for known biases and modelling the data using standardised tools to generate
measures by age, sex, location and year. Full methodological details are provided
elsewhere.160 161
We extracted data from GBD 2019 on the digestive diseases and cancers presented in Table
11. Extracted data included estimates of incidence, prevalence, mortality and DALYs by age,
sex and year, for each UEG member country. Where available, the proportion of DALY rates
attributable to modifiable risk factors were also extracted. We calculated age-standardised
rates for the 44 countries combined using the GBD 2019 world standard population. Data
processing and visualisations for the report were conducted using R statistical software
(version 4.2.0).
Table 11. International Classification of Diseases codes mapped to the GBD cause list
Digestive disorder
ICD-10 used in
ICD-10
Digestive diseases
I84-I85.9, I98.2, K20K23.8,
K25-K31.9, K35K38.9,
K40-K42.9, K44K46.9,
K50-K51.319,
K51.5-K52, K52.2-K52.9,
K55-K62, K62.4-K62.6,
K62.8-K63.4, K63.8-K67,
K67.8-K68.1, K68.12K68.9,
K70-K75, K75.2,
K75.4-K76.2, K76.4-K77.8,
K80-K80.81, K81-K83.9,
K85-K87.1, K90-K90.9,
K92-K92.9, K93.8, R11R19.8,
R85-R85.9, Z13.81Z13.818,
Z43.1-Z43.4,
Z52.6, Z83.7-Z83.79,
Z87.1-Z87.19, Z94.4
Cirrhosis and other
chronic liver diseases
Cirrhosis and other
chronic liver diseases
due to hepatitis B
Cirrhosis and other
chronic liver diseases
due to hepatitis C
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I85-I85.9, I98.2, K70-K71,
K71.3-K72, K72.1-K75,
K75.2, K75.4-K76.2,
K76.4-K77.8, R16-R18.9,
Z52.6, Z94.4
hospital/claims
analyses
ICD-9
I84-I85.9, I98.2I98.2,
K20-K42.9,
K44-K51.319, K51.5K51.919,
K52.2-K62,
K62.4-K62.6, K62.8K63.4,
K63.8-K67,
K67.8-K68.1,
K68.12-K90.9, K92K92.9,
K93.8, R12R18.9,
R85-R85.9,
Z52.6, Z94.4
455-455.9, 456.0456.21,
530-530.85,
530.89-536.3, 536.8538,
540-543.9, 550551.1,
551.3-552.1,
552.3-553.1, 553.3558.9,
560-560.39,
560.8-562.13, 564564.1,
564.5-569,
569.1-569.5, 569.81572,
572.2-579.2,
579.4-579.9, 784784.99,
787-787.99,
789.9, 792.1-792.4,
V12.7-V12.79, V18.5V18.59,
V42.7, V45.72,
V45.75, V47.3, V58.75,
V59.6
I85-I85.9, I98.2I98.2,
K70-K71,
K71.3-K72, K72.1K77.8,
R16-R18.9,
Z52.6, Z94.4
456.0-456.21, 570-572,
572.2-573.9, V42.7,
V59.6
ICD-9 used in
hospital/claims
analyses
455-456.21, 530530.85,
530.89536.3,
536.8-538,
540-551.1, 551.3552.1,
552.3553.1,
553.3564.1,
564.5-569,
569.1-569.49,
569.81-579.2,
579.4-579.9,
787.1-792.4,
V42.7, V59.6
456.0-456.21,
570-573.9, V42.7,
V59.6

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